Economics of the Date's Production in Siwa Oasis in Matrouh Governorate

Comes dates in the second place in terms of the economic importance of the area amounted to about 5.4 thousand feddans, and the number of female fruitful Siwa center about 220 thousand date palm in 2014, distributed on several items, alsiwi used in the industry of Al-agoza,  alfrehe which of the items dry lands, Al-azzawi, taktakt and other items used for the production of some cattle feed and others do not represent the production of economic value.
The problem in a decline in the average number of fruitful female dates at the level of the oasis of Siwa, where decreased from about 500 thousand date palm in 2000 to about 220 thousand date palm 2014 any by almost half, which led to the decrease in the production of dates from about 31.5 thousand tons in 2003 to about 20.2 thousand tons in 2014, which indicates that the production was exposed to many of the problems of productivity and marketing, and therefore the deterioration in the dates production Siwa Oasis, despite the state's efforts for the development of production, the last of which was the first international conference dates held at the oasis of Siwa October 2015.
The research aims primarily to the study of the economics of dates production in Siwa Oasis Matrouh Governorate, through a study of the current situation of production, the study of algorithmic functions of production costs, identify the efficiency and productivity, economic and farmers, the study of the most important problems productivity and marketing facing the producers of dates in the oasis, in order to propose a set of solutions and put it to the decision makers to help in the development and the development of the vital sector.
The most important findings are the following:
For planting area dates in Siwa Oasis has taken the general trend increased and the statistically moral at the level of the morale of 1%, hitting about 0.045 thousand feddans, as for the number of females palm trees and fruitful cooperation had been a general trend moral decreased statistically, which amounted to 0.017 million palm trees. For productivity mean has taken the general trend of moral decreased statistically, which amounted to 0.215 tons/ feddan. And for the overall production of dates was found had taken general trend of moral decreased statistically, which amounted to 0.91 tons.
Studying the impact of each of area (x1), and the number of palm trees and fruitful cooperation (x2), productivity (x3), to the production of the Governorates of deserts of dates after several attempts to indicate that the area (x1), productivity (x3) are working the most impact on the total production of dates, and found that both increasing by unity, this leads to an increase in total production of dates at about 3.95, 5.03 tons respectively.
It has been possible to estimate the size that maximizes profit in the long term to approximately 3680.56 pounds, assuming the rule of full competition, as in size which maximizes profit about advanced 15.79 tons which is reached through the cultivation of an estimated 3.19 acres.
As for estimating the size decrease costs amounted to about 5.79 tons of the farm, and are reached through the cultivation of an area of about 2.81 acres. Assess the flexibility of the costs they reached about 0.953 since the value of this parameter less than one, this confirms that the production in the sample farms, in the first phase of the law of diminishing, in order to increase the production of these farms should work to intensify further the resources used in production.
The assessment of the production function shows that indicate the existence of a direct relationship between positive production quantity (Y), and all )X₁) in area fruitful, (X₂) number of palm trees and fruitful, (x₃) the total number of workers, (x₄) the amount of the fertilizer cubic meters, (x₅) the level of education, as it increased the independent factors above-mentioned by 1% lead to increased productivity meanwhile up to 0.315%, 0.697%, 0.114%, 0.107%, 0.025% respectively.
It also indicates the total overall elasticity's of form of about 1.3, that of productivity of a sample of the study, a function of increasing revenue capacity, any that every increase estimated at about 1% in quantities used independent variables, leading to an increase in the amount of the final product upgrade Al-dates by more than 1.3%.
Examining the productive constraints faced palm growers dates exclusive study, was the problem of low prices and control wholesale dealers (x14) in the first place where the increase of weighted about 100%, came in the second place the problem of low demand for remnants of palm trees by about 95.83%, was ranked third each of strong winds (x1), the proliferation of pests and insects (x3) by about hitting 94.44%, in fourth place, the proliferation of grass (x10), where the increase of weighted about 73.61% fifth, damage caused by flu (x11) by 62.50% sixth, a shortage of irrigation water (x4) by Wednesday fell 56.94% and was ranked seventh problem of the High Water Level Ground Floor (x5) by 55.56%, both from the rise in the cost of labor (x2), the lack of skilled worker (x6), high transport costs to places of sale (x12) ranked eighth by Reached 54.17%, and Ninth high proportion of waste (x7), where the increase of weighted about 52.78%, finally came in the tenth and last of the prices of production input (x8), the absence of an agricultural exchange rate (x13), where the increase of weighted about 51.39%. It was recommended that research:
1- Activating the role of the private associations and cooperatives with regard to the provision of technical information and finance required for the production and marketing of dates.
2-The attention of the Indicative side and training to raise the professional competence and Palm growers dates and assist them in the production of product specifications of high quality.
3- The support and encouragement of research institutions to develop new types of dates and compatible with the requirements of the world market.
4- The development of the clearance of irrigation and drainage networks and expansion in the establishment of networks of exchange and covered.
5- Interest in the study of insect pests and diseases that afflict palm trees and find the best ways to remedy them technically and economically, with recommend the application of integrated.
6- Preparation of a database and information on agricultural statistics in general and dates special and staffed by professional researchers to adopt in their reports on the actual data and proper depend in their estimates of the preview based on statistical basis and not on a personal estimates in an arbitrary fashion.