Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Response of Wheat Productivity to Different Rates of Compost and Ni-trogen Fertilizer Under New Valley Conditions
1
12
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.865
Two field experiments were conducted at El-Dakhla Oasis, New Valley Governorate, Egypt, during the two winter growing seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 to investigate the effect of three date palm compost rates (0, 5 and 10 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup>) and three nitrogen fertilizer rates (50, 70 and 90 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup>) on the yield and yield components of bread wheat in the New Valley. The most important findings could be summarized as follow:
- Generally, yield and its attributes of wheat increased by adding compost. Application of 5 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost treatment gave the tallest plants and the maximum straw and grain yields fed.<sup>-1</sup>, while application of 10 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost treatment gave the highest values of spike length, spikelets number spike<sup>-1</sup> and 1000-grains weight in both seasons, as well as application 10 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> and 5 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost treatments gave the maximum spikes number/m<sup>2</sup> in the 1<sup>st</sup> and the 2<sup>nd</sup> seasons, respectively.
- Increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate up to 70 kg fed.<sup>-1</sup> increased yield and its components of wheat in both growing seasons. The maximum values of plant height, spikes number/m<sup>2</sup> and straw and grain yields fed.<sup>-1</sup> were obtained by using 70 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup>, while the tallest spike and the heaviest 1000-grains were obtained by using 90 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup> in both seasons.
- The tallest plants and the maximum values of spikes number m<sup>-2</sup> and straw yield fed.<sup>-1</sup> were recorded by applying 5 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost with 70 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup> rate interaction treatment, while the maximum grain yield was recorded by applying 10 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost with 70 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup> rate interaction treatment in both seasons. On the other hand, the highest values of spike length and spikelets number spike<sup>-1</sup> were recorded by applying 10 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost with 90 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup> rate in both seasons, while the heaviest 1000-grains weight were recorded by applying 10 m<sup>3</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> or 5 m<sup>2</sup> fed.<sup>-1</sup> compost with 90 kg N fed.<sup>-1</sup> rate interaction treatments in both seasons.
Date palm compost,Grain yield,nitrogen fertilizer and wheat
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_865.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_865_ad38e1c83e09ea710bd0589e4bcba370.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Carcass Characteristics of Saidi Rams Fed Mannan Oligosaccharide Supplemented Diet
13
24
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.866
Eighteen Saidi rams were used in this trial to study the impact of additive mannan oligosaccharide (MOS;activeMOS<sup>®</sup>)on some of carcass characteristics. MOS are commercially available as BioMos®, which is a nutritional supplement manufactured by MOS<sup>®</sup> Matrix nutrition, LLC, USA was used in this experiment. Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups. The initial average live body weight values were 24.00,24.08 and 24.17 kg for groups 1,2, and 3 respectively. The first group did not receive MOS and served as a control group, while the second and third groups were supplemented with 2 and 4 g/ kg diet MOS and served as a MOS<strong><sup>1</sup></strong> and MOS<strong><sup>2</sup></strong> groups, respectively. Both experimental groups were fed roughage and concentrate diets <em>ad libitum</em> during this study. At the end of the experimental period, lasted for 6 months, final average body weight values were 44.17, 48.50 and 45.83, respectively. Five animals from experimental groups were slaughtered. The data revealed that supplementation of dietary MOS in the diet of siadi rams increased hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, right (P<0.05) and left side percentages. Moreover, most of edible and non edible parts tended to be heavier for MOS treated rams, while fat of heart, kidney and pelvic, gut, intestine and total fat tended to be lower for these groups than a control group. The proportion of muscle/ bone and muscle/fat ratios increased in treated groups. Left carcass side weight and carcass cuts were heavier in animals fed diet supplemented with MOS than controls. Meanwhile, a high priced cuts (leg, sirloin and best neck and fillet) were heavier by 29.05% and 12.7% of rams fed diet supplemented with MOS<strong><sup>1</sup></strong> and MOS<strong><sup>2</sup></strong> additives, respectively compared with the control. The highest part of high priced cuts was observed in fillet cut for MOS<strong><sup>1</sup></strong> and MOS<strong><sup>2</sup></strong> supplementation by about 57.14% (P<0.05) and 14.29%,respectively than control rams. Individual skeletal muscle of Semimemberanosus (SM), Supraspinatus (SP) and Longissimus dorsi (LD) were increased in the case of the dietary supplementation with MOS. Consequently, it appears from the present study that the dietary of MOS improve carcass characteristics and meat quality. Moreover, MOS inclusion at 0.2% was the most effective, suggesting that MOS might be a potential type of food additive useful for the growing sheep in Upper Egypt conditions.
carcass characteristics,Mannan oligosaccharides,Saidi rams
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_866.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_866_562aede92d05924de514544e017d9f21.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Response of Sewy Date Palm to Different Application of N-fertilizers
25
37
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.867
This study was carried out during two consecutive seasons (2011 and 2012) on sewy date palm cultivar growing at the experimental orchard of Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University. The effect of some organic (Elobore compost) and biofertilization of N (nitrobin) compared to inorganic N fertilization (ammonium sulphate) on some vegetative growth characteristics, yield as will as some physical and chemical fruit properties was studied.
Results showed that use organic N fertilizer either alone or combined with inorganic N fertilizer or biofertilizer significantly increased Leaf length ,Leaflets area, No. of Leaflets and No. of new leaves compared to using inorganic-N fertilizer alone. This increment was insignificant with Leaf area.
Yield components (initial fruit set, horticultural fruit set, bunch weight and total yield) were significantly increased by using organic N fertilizer either alone or combined with inorganic-N fertilizer or biofertilizer, in most cases. The best treatment that gave the highest values of yield parameters when using 100% N organic fertilizer treatment compared to the other treatments. The highest values of fruit weight, size, diameter, flesh weight, total soluble solids and sugars were obtained by using 100% N-organic fertilization treatment compared for the other investigated treatments, especially inorganic N fertilization.
Nitrogen fertilizer-Balah Balah Siwi,ngel
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_867.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_867_b5f0376d78854ce2f65c78622b62bc64.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Influence of in vitro Salinity on Growth and some Element Contents of Three Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars
38
48
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.868
Influences of <em>in vitro</em> salinity in form of sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) on growth and element contents of three grape cultivars (Thompson Seedless, Red Roomy and Beauty Seedless) were investigated. Shoot tip explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP). The experiment was conducted with four levels of NaCl (0, 50, 85 and 120 mM) and four levels of CaCl<sub>2</sub> (0, 1, 5 and 10 mM) and mixture of both salts with three levels [0, 60 (50 NaCl+10 CaCl<sub>2</sub>) and 90 (85 NaCl+5 CaCl<sub>2</sub>) mM]. The results showed that the growth parameters (proliferation, plantlet height, number of leaves, number of nodes, internode length, fresh and dry weight) significantly decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations up to 120 mM compared to the control treatment. However, application of CaCl<sub>2</sub> treatments counteracted this inhibitory effect on the growth parameters at 5 mM. CaCl<sub>2</sub> supply increased shoot Ca<sup>2+</sup> content and decreased shoot Na<sup>+</sup> content. Increasing NaCl and CaCl<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the culture medium increased the contents of Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, whereas K<sup>+</sup> content decreased compared to the control.
Vitis vinifera,NaCl,CaCl2,in Vitro
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_868.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_868_f99dc5cc820d20d7259afdeecef34f1d.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Effect of Yeast and Different Phosphorus Fertilizer Sources on Growth and Fruiting of Balady Mandarin Trees
49
64
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.869
This investigation was carried out in the experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of soil inoculation with yeast or phosphorin (P- dissolved bacteria) only or combined with 50 or 25% mineral-P on growth and fruiting of Balady mandarin trees during 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons. Calcium superphosphate was applied once in December. Yeast and phosphorin were applied once in March followed by the trees were irrigated.
The obtained results were summarize as follow:
- Using yeast or phosphorin as bio-fertilizers only or combined with 50 or 25% of the recommended phosphorus dose (RPD) significantly increased the shoot and leaf traits.
- Leaf content of chlorophyll and nutrient elements as well as the total carbohydrates and C/N ratio of shoots were significantly increased due to use of either yeast or phosphorin singly or combined with phosphours at 50 or 25% of RPD compared to use the RPD via mineral-P source alone (check treatment).
- Yield components and fruit quality was significantly improved due to use of either yeast or phosphorin, singly or combined with either 25 or 50% of RPD compared to use mineral-P only.
Using yeast or phosphorin only or combined with 25% mineral-P was very effective in improving the growth and fruiting of the trees.
Moreover, using yeast was superior in improving the yield and fruit quality than using phosphorin, where, using yeast at 200 ml/tree gave the best results.
It is evident from the foregoing results that using yeast either 200 ml/tree only or yeast at 150 ml plus 25% of RPD as mineral-P as well as phosphorin either 400 ml/tree only or phosphorin at 300 ml with 25% of RPD as mineral-P improve the superphosphate use efficiency through increasing the P availability and consequently, decreasing the amount of applied phosphatic fertilizer and reducing both the agriculture cost and the pollution impact of superphosphate
bio-fertilization,Balady mandarin,Nutrient status,yield,fruit quality
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_869.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_869_562e3434c11b5004f39b9af1590d289e.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Reaction of Certain Sugarcane Varieties to Infection with Pokkah Boeng Disease Caused by Fusarium Subglutenans.
65
77
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.870
Susceptibility of sixteen sugarcane varieties to infection with pokkah boeng disease and effect of the disease on vegetative growth of sugarcane plants were tested under open greenhouse conditions and artificial inoculation of <em>Fusarium subglutinans</em> in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 seasons in Upper Egypt. All tested sugarcane varieties were susceptible to infection with the pathogen with different degrees of susceptibility. In the two tested seasons, the G.T.54-9 and G.2004-32 varieties showed high susceptibility followed by G.2003-47, G.2003-3, G.1999-103 and G.1998-28, then other tested varieties. However, G.2001-79 and G.2000-176 varieties proved to be moderately susceptible. K2 isolate of <em>F. subglutinans</em> caused higher disease severity than K5 isolate, on the tested sugarcane varieties in both tested seasons. The interaction between tested varieties and fungal isolates was significant in both seasons. The highest disease severity (72.0 and 76.0%) was recorded on G.T.54-9 and G.2004-32 varieties inoculated with K2 of <em>F. subglutinans</em> in both seasons,while the lowest disease severity (20.0%) was recorded on G.2001-79 and G.2000-176 varietiesinfected with K2 and K5 isolates. Infection with of <em>F. subglutinans</em> isolates increased the number of tillers/plant by two folds in infected plants compared with non-inoculated plants in both seasons, however, the number of internodes/plant, stalk length and stalk diameter of the tested sugarcane varieties were significantly decreased by infection.
Sugarcane plants,pokkah boeng disease,Fusarium subglutinans,Sugarcane Varieties,Vegetative growth
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_870.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_870_49d75624e9efcd189dae08da107498dc.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Effect of Organic, Fish-meal, Inorganic Fertilizer, and Foliar Applica-tion of Micronite on the Productivity of Onion
78
88
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.871
This experiment was conducted in the private farm in Hadhramout valley, Seiyun Hadramout governorate, within the period of season 2008/2009 - 2009/2010. The objective of the experiment was to the study of effect of farmyard Manure (FYM) 5t/ fed, fish-meal 5t/ fed, and mineral fertilizer(100kg urea+50kg triplesuperphosphatc/ fed.) fertilizer with or without foliar application with micronutrients, on bulb yield Baftaim Onion cultivar. Eleven treatments were exploited at a randomized complete block design with three replications.
The application of fertilizers significantly increased diameter and height of onion bulb. The highest increment in diameter and height of bulb (15,14,2 %) were recorded with FYM, and mineral fertilizer In the first season (11.8,17.3 %) were recorded with mineral fertilizer, and FYM in the second season. The results indicated that onion bulb weight, yield/feddan. Increased significantly with fertilizers application. The highest rate of increase in bulb weight (24.2 and 50.5%) were recorded with FYM, followed by mineral fertilizer (48.8 and 19.3%) in the two years, respectively. The application of fertilizer significantly increased yield bulb/ feddan. The highest increment of yield (57.1 and 44.6%) were recorded with mineral fertilizer while the increment in yield of bulb (44.7, 27.7 , 27.6, 28.4, 22.4 and 22.1 %) were recorded with mineral fertilizer+ FYM , mineral fertilizer + fish-meal fertilizer, and FYM. within the seasons, respectively. The addition of 5g/L micronite decreased all the measured characters for all treatments where foliar application was used. Compared with the treatments without using foliar application.
The use of organic for onion production can be recommended to reduce mineral fertilizer without reducing the productivity This won save the high cost of chemical fertilizer as well as well as to decrease pollution.
<strong>Keywords: </strong>Organic fertilizer, fish-meal fertilizer, mineral fertilizer, micronutrients
Organic fertilizer,fish-meal fertilizer,mineral fertilizer,Micronutrients
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_871.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_871_913d839e415795a557c9db3638a02663.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
Effects of Mobilizing Agents and Organic Manure on the Phytoextraction of Pb by Maize in Clay and Calcareous Sandy Soils
89
104
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.872
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the application effects of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA: oxalic and citric acids) on the uptake of lead (Pb) by maize grown on clay and calcareous sandy soils treated and non-treated with farmyard manure (FYM). The results showed that the shoot and root dry matter of maize were lower for EDTA treatments than those of the control or LMWOA treatments. However, EDTA was more effective than LMWOA in increasing the Pb uptake by and translocation within maize, with more Pb accumulation by plants from the clay soil than from the calcareous sandy one. Applying EDTA in conjunction with organic manure (FYM) resulted in the less negative impact on the plant growth and the highest shoot Pb accumulation. Thus, FYM may be a suitable manure for increasing the performance of chelators to enhance the phytoextraction capacity and alleviate the toxicity of the metal and/or chelators
EDTA,LMWOA,farmyard manure,Zea mays,Pb uptake
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_872.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_872_de5f86fb1437bb15924b50145f72e508.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
45
3
2014
09
01
An Analytical Study of the Impact of Fragmentation of Holdings on the Productivity of the Most Important Grain Crops in Sohag Governorate
105
120
EN
10.21608/ajas.2014.873
يؤدى القطاع الزراعي دوراً رئيسياً في الاقتصاد القومي، حيث بلغت مساهمته في الناتج المحلى الإجمالي حوالى 14.8% <sup>(5)</sup> حسب بيانات العام المالي 2011/2012، حيث يُعد ثاني القطاعات لمساهمته في الناتج بعد قطاع الصناعة، ويعمل به حوالى 6.6 مليون عامل، وذلک على رقعة أرضية زراعية تقدر بحوالي 8.5 مليون فدان، وبلغت الاستثمارات السنوية المنفذة في هذا القطاع حوالى 5.36 مليار جنيه للقطاعين الحکومي والخاص بنسبة 50% لکل منهما، وهذه الاستثمارات تعتبر ضعيفة کنسبة من إجمالي الاستثمارات ، ولذلک يحتاج الأمر إلى المزيد من ترکيز الاستثمارات في قطاع الزراعة، إلا أن هناک تغيرات تحول دون تحقيق ذلک ولعل من أهم هذه التغيرات تفتت الحيازات الزراعية<sup>(6)</sup>0
<strong>مشکلة البحث:</strong>
في ضوء محدودية الرقعة الأرضية الزراعية المتاحة، وزيادة معدلات الزيادة السکانية ونظم المواريث فضلاً عما تمثله الأراضي الزراعية من أهمية خاصة في الثقافة المصرية وما تفرضه حقوق الملکية، فإن الاتجاه العام يشير إلى المزيد من التفتت و الانخفاض في حجم الحيازات الزراعية، ومن هنا تبدوا أهمية دراسة العلاقة بين هذه التغيرات في کل من الترکيب الحيارى والإنتاج الزراعي ونمط الاستغلال وحجم الإنتاج المحقق، والتعرف على هل استخدام الموارد الإنتاجية الزراعية في ظل التفتت الحيازى الحالي يوجه لأفضل استخدام؟ وهل يؤثر على الکفاءة الإنتاجية والاقتصادية للمحاصيل موضع الدراسة (القمح، الذرة الشامية)0
<strong> </strong>
Turn-possessory Sohag-production-grain crops-study
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_873.html
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_873_a25692594bd061df8d812513553b25bd.pdf