ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Early and Late Pedigree Selection for Seed Yield/Plant in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag Governorate, Egypt during the period of 2009-2011 summer seasons. The means of selected families after two cycles of early selection for seed yield/plant ranged from 31.88 to 43.50 with an average of 37.36 compared to 17.83, 25.47 and 23.33g for P1, P2 and bulk sample in population I, respectively. Likewise, these means varied from 29.33 to 39.67 with an average 34.03 compared to their respective parents P1 (19.00) P2 (29.00) and bulk sample (30.0g) in population II. The average of seed yield/plant overall selected families of 41.24 and 42.37 after one cycle of late selection surpassed their averages of 37.36 and 34.03 g after two cycles of early selection by 10.38 and 24.51% for population I and II, respectively.
The slight discrepancy between (GCV) and (PCV) resulted in high estimates of broad sense heritability for most studied traits in the two base populations. The selection response to one cycle of late selection for seed yield/plant was large comparing to their values after two cycles of early selection in both populations. The values accounted 61.94 and 76.74 % in population I and 46.11 and 41.24 % in population II with late selection comparing to 46.70 and 60.11 % in population I and 17.36 and 13.44 % in population II as a deviation from the best parent and bulk, respectively.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3512_51f798959a7b35f5ac7a1e0151fa0187.pdf
2014-12-01
1
17
10.21608/ajas.2014.3512
sesame
Early selection
late selection and seed yield
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Wheat Grains Soaking in Micro-element Solutions on Yield and its Components
This investigation was carried out in the Agricultural Experimental Farm at Fac. Agric., Assiut Univ., during the two winter growing seasons 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 to study the effect of wheat grains soaking in micro-element solutions on yield and its components. The used experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design in split-plot with four replications. Wheat varieties (Giza 168 and Bani-Swef 1) were allocated in the main plot, while micronutrient treatments (Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe+Mn, Zn+Mn, Fe+Zn and Fe+Mn+Zn) were distributed in the sup-plot. The plot area was 3x3.5 m2. The results could be summarized as follows:
- Giza 168 variety surpassed and gave significant increase in the spike length, 1000-grains weight and straw yield in both season, as well as in the first season only gave significant increase in number of spikelets/spike and number of spike/m2 over Bani-Swef 1.
- The maximum values for plant height, spike length, 1000-grains weight, number of spikelets/spike, number of spikes/m2, grain yield/fed., straw yield/fed. were recorded by Fe+Mn+Zn treatment in both seasons.
- The interaction between varieties and micronutrient treatments had non-significant effect on the all studied traits in both seasons.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3513_0cec7ee4f559d0b8f2bbf393ec0b87c9.pdf
2014-12-01
18
27
10.21608/ajas.2014.3513
Soaking
micro-element
solution
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of Lentil to Foliar Application of Potassium Phosphate under Different Irrigation
Two field experiments were conducted during 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 seasons at Agron. Dept. Farm., Fac. Agric., Assiut Univ., to study the response of lentil to foliar application of potassium phosphate under different irrigation treatments.The results showed that:
Irrigation treatments had a highly significant influence on the all studied traits except harvest index in both seasons. So, plants had one irrigation (I1) at flowering (after first irrigation, Mohaya) produced the highest mean values of all studied traits except harvest index in both seasons. Also, plants had twice of foliar application of potassium phosphate produced the highest mean values of all studied traits.
The interaction between irrigation management and foliar application of potassium phosphate had a significant effect on all studied traits except harvest index and protein % in both seasons. Plants had received twice of foliar application of potassium phosphate with I1 treatment produced the highest mean values of plant height (47.34 and 45.36 cm), number of branches plant-1 (4.52 and 4.25), number of pods plant-1 (46.25 and 44.35), seed yield plant-1 (1.46 and 1.42 g), seed index (26.57 and 27.05 g), seed yield plot-1 (1.78 and 1.76 kg), straw yield plot-1 (6.43 and 6.65 kg), and seed yield fed.-1 (712.0 and 704.0 kg) in the first and second seasons, respectively
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3514_3b4f802ca7df9b60c4a0b086527974d4.pdf
2014-12-01
28
38
10.21608/ajas.2014.3514
lentil
foliar application
potassium phosphate and irrigation management
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Characterization of Water Quality Around The New Assiut Barrage and its Hydropower Plant
The New Assiut Barrage and its Hydropower Plant in Egypt was initiated at May, 2012 and it is suggested to endin December, 2017. The project is considered one of the most important industrial projects that established to enhance economy and development. The project energy of about 32 MW may contribute in the main electric grid for population and developmental approaches. Surface water samples from the River Nile, around the proposed project were collected and analyzed according to EPA Method- 1669. The measured values of pH, TDS, EC, DO, COD, Total hardness, and Temperature were recorded and reached 8.3, 183.5, 317.3, 7.7, 19.5, 135, and 25.7 OC respectively and were compared with guidelines stated by the Egyptian law 48/ 1982 concerned with protection of River Nile from pollution. Biological properties were obtained and statistically analyzed and their sample locations were determined by Global Positioning System (GPS). The study helps the Environmental Impact Assessment in the stage of the operation of the hydroelectric power station.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3516_51c19adcae3b9df2d60f7ca31bbcdc05.pdf
2014-12-01
39
52
10.21608/ajas.2014.3516
hydropower plant
Physicochemical parameters
Algal count
diatoms
Chlorophyll
water quality
Environmental Impact Assessment
Egypt
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetical Studies of Yield and its Components in Durum Wheat Under Heat Stress
The present study was carried out at Assiut Agricultural Research Station during 2007/2008, 2008/2009, 2009/2010 seasons. Diallel cross without reciprocals among eight parents of durum wheat namely, Sohag 3 (P1), line #1 (P2), line# 2 (P3), Bin- Sweef 1 (P4), Bin- Sweef 5 (P5), Karifla (P6), Altar 84 (P7) and Admor (P8) were used to estimate heterosis, and general and specific combining ability under recommended and late planting dates. Mean squares showed that highly significant differences among genotypes, parents and crosses for all studied traits in the F1's and F2 generations, except number of spike/plant under late planting date. Moreover, both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were highly significant for most studied traits in the F1's and F2 generations under both planting dates except grain yield/plant, biological and number of kernel/spike in the F1's under late planting date in the SCA .The estimates of heterosis for grain yield/plant indicated that seven crosses out of 28 F1's hybrids significantly surpassed their better parent with percentage ranged from 8.798 (P4×P7) to 41.22% (P1×P6). These relatively high heterotic percentage along with the variability existed among all diallel set increase the chance of good recombination's that can be isolated in the following generations particularly, when selfing in the following generations gives an essentially homozygous state and enhances the role of selected plants in reducing the effects of dominance. However, the additive gene effect was of great importance in the performance of the most studied trait i.e. No. of spikes/plant, grain yield/plant (g), biological yield/plant (g), number kernel/spike. Moreover, the parents P 7 and P4 were good combiners for four traits i.e. Number of spikes/plant, grain yield/plant (g), biological yield/plant (g), number kernel/spike while, P2 was the best for only three traits i.e. days to heading, maturity and number kernel/spike date in the F1's and F2 generations. Meanwhile, significant SCA effects for grain yield were found in four out of the 28 F1's crosses P1×P4, P1×P6, P4×P7 and P6×P8 giving positive values of SCA effects under normal planting date and one cross P2× P4 under late planting date. On the other view, F2 populations, one crosses P3× P8 gave positive values of SCA effects .while in the F1'sand F2 generations, only one cross; P3×P8 gave positive values of SCA effects for 100- kernel weight under both planting date.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3522_35fe436b9207d6487c70966dd8642add.pdf
2014-12-01
53
78
10.21608/ajas.2014.3522
diallel
crosses
durum wheat
Heterosis
combining ability (GCA & SCA)
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Modeling of Energy Requirements for Broiler Production in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
This study was conducted to determine the energy requirements of broiler production in Duhok at Kurdistan region. To this study, the data were collected and questionnaire performed record during both summer and winter season in 11 farms, which covered the entire distracts of Duhok province and the average number of surveyed farms was 11240 birds. The data were compared statically by standard deviation and correlation coefficient. The average of meat broiler production in Duhok was 2634 kg (1000 birdsˉ¹) and average of input energy was177,368 Mj (100 birdsˉ¹). The results were showed that the fuel recorded 54.5% and 54.6% which was the highest value for input energy during both summer and winter season, respectively. The lowest value was observed with labor elements. The high positive correlation observed between labor and electricity was (0.45). Broiler production in Kurdistan region consumed high diesel fuel and energy as well as low economic income of famer. To this effect, more assist and support from local governments is essential to improve the productivity and quality.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3523_c8b1f05006609e6e909a1b106c6e6a44.pdf
2014-12-01
79
89
10.21608/ajas.2015.3523
broiler
Energy requirements
Duhok
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification the Impact of Growth of Different Plants on the Microbial Community in Both Soil and Rhizosphere
This experiment was conducted to study the importance of assessing the impact of plant rhizosphere during various stages of growth on the soil microbial community represented in (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes(. Rhizospere is the area extending a few millimeters from the root surface and affect the numbers of micro-organisms in the soil due to biological processes emerging from the roots of plants, it contains many of organic compounds produced from the outputs roots and also contain some of the dead root hairs, which are organic substances and source of carbon and nitrogen in the soil.
Tracking the number of three microbial groups during different stages of growth starting from the stage of seedling until maturity with two types of plant root growth )legumes_Poaceae) The results showed that rhizosphere `effect depends on the quality of the plant root and the age of the plant . In the bean and barley plants numbers of bacteria and fungi increased from the early stages of plant growth then began to decline during the maturity stage. But in a much higher degree beans from barley. While numbers of actnomycetes increased during the advanced stages of plant life.
Using the of ratio R / S to study the effect of the roots on the numbers of the microbes in the soil, it was found that the rhizosphere has a clear impact on increasing the numbers of soil bacteria particularly ,compared to fungus numbers with plant growth progress in general, The effect was higher in the bean plant then barley. The numbers of bacteria increased in the rhizosphere from what it was in the soil, reaching 100 million in bean and in barley 200 times while fungi were 1000 times in beans and barley 100 times. For actnomycetes were encouraging influence of the rhizosphere during the advanced stages especially maturity stage reaching to 10,000 times in bean plant and in barley to 1000 times,. Statistical analysis showed that there is a significant effect of the interference between the type of plant and of numbers microbes, any type of plant that affect the of numbers microbes throu various stages of growth at a significance levels of 0.05 and as well 0.01.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3524_ee7bdc75329acf05f907826208334f4a.pdf
2014-12-01
90
102
10.21608/ajas.2015.3524
Microbial community
Soil
the root ocean
the impact of growth
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An economic Study of the Components of the Production Cost of the Wheat Crop in Assiut Governorate
The cost of wheat production is a parameter that can be used to infer the production and economic efficiency of wheat. So, the current study aims at identifying the role of costs in producing wheat in Assiut Governorate. To achieve the aims, the quantitative and descriptive analyses were used to analyze study-related data by a number of mathematical and statistical methods. The period covered by the study is from 1990 to 2014.
Several results were reached:
The highest feddan production cost in fixed prices has increased due to change in each of its components during the period average.
The highest feddan return in fixed prices has decreased due change in the feddan production cost. On the other hand, it has increased due to change in all parameters, feddan production and the farm price – during the period average.
Estimating the transcendental logarithmic cost (translog) of the wheat crop in Assiut Governorate, it was shown that the crop achieves increasing savings and is produced during the first phase. It was also shown that integration and interchangeability relationships among production elements are not significant although they exist.
In light of results reached, the recommendations are:
Providing production tools in village banks and agricultural cooperatives with appropriate prices.
Using modern techniques in cultivating wheat.
Paying more attention to programs and guiding seminars related to cultivating wheat.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3525_743c7206708a31eef4ff308c0fa6e240.pdf
2014-12-01
103
116
10.21608/ajas.2014.3525
Economic study
Wheat
Assiut Governorate
Production cost
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Competency of the Major Wheat-Exporting Countries to the Egyptian Market
Wheat is one of the major food imports in Egypt. Hence, the current study aims at identifying the development of wheat exports, estimates of competency indices, and the market power of the major countries competing for exporting wheat to the Egyptian market. To achieve the aim, the descriptive and quantitative methods were used to analyze relevant data using a number of mathematical and statistical methods. The period covered is from 1995 to 2012.
Several results were reached:
Wheat exports value and quantity; from Russia, France, and Australia; increased. On the other hand, wheat exports from the USA have decreased. As for the wheat exported ton price, it has increased for all studied countries.
The highest revealed comparative advantage was recorded by Russia. The highest market penetration index was for the USA. The highest competitive power of export price was achieved by France.
It was also shown that a complete competitive relationship prevails among competing countries; no country can increase the prices of its exports without losing its market share to its rivals exporting wheat to the Egyptian market.
In light of the results reached, the recommendations are:
Benefiting from the competitive advantage of the price of the state of France for obtaining a good price for wheat imports.
Benefiting from the changes in the price the US dollar and the euro Franch exchange to reduce the wheat imports payments.
Benefiting from the complete competitive relationship prevails among competing countries for setting an appropriate policy for importing wheat.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3526_9a7db8bf9d3624e0f142a0e02a02c642.pdf
2014-12-01
117
131
10.21608/ajas.2014.3526
Egyptian market
exporting countries
competitiveness
Wheat
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Current and Optimized Geographical Distribution for Egyptian Imports From Some Vegetable Oils
The oilseed crops has an economical important and strategy in Egypt, where oil crops are represents an important source for the provision of vegetable oils as a basic food components in food style Egyptian, and vegetable oils of great importance as a source of energy as well as it represents the center of the food needs of the individual in Egypt as multiple uses and varied products that are made from vegetable oils, it is also involved in a variety of local industries.
And Egypt continues to suffer from an oily gap amounted to about 554.43 thousand tons for the average period (2008-2012), which would entail the State to import vegetable oils from abroad to fill the gap, leading to assume the state the burden of foreign exchnage management, so to study the distribution aims current geographical imports some oil, a sunflower, soybean and corn from various foreign markets, and try to re-distribute these imports through the development of alternative models using linear programming to balance the value imported.
The research found the following results:
- For the current distribution of imports from Egypt sunflower oil market show that Ukraine represents about 26.34% of the average of the period (2008-2012), followed by Russia about 18.08%, also turned out to be Argentina' market is less price per tone at about 1637 dollars 77% on average, Russia's market is less price is at about US $ 1348, also show that Egypt imports about 91.05% of the corn oil from the United States in the same period, showing that the price per ton of corn oil imported from Argentina about $ 1370 and is the lowest price for the same period.
- It is proposed that the geographical distribution of oil imports into the study of the study using the linear programming method, where it was the work of 6 models with a view to minimization of import value and results show that the best models in terms of savings achieved is the first model where the free import value amounted to about 149.56, 54,66 , 1.66 million dollars for the import of sunflower oil, soybean and corn, respectively, representing approximately 32.97%, 23.19%, 3.28% of the average import value of these oils in the period under study.
Then follows the model states for sunflower oil sixth form by teams import value of 32.95% of the current distribution value, and for soybean oil following the first model, five model by providing approximately 22.87% of the current import value, as for corn oil attaining model fifth same percentage savings realized from the first model which is 3.28% of the current average import value for the period (2008-2012).
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3527_45c16a9da3fc835c2a0184dd777b8551.pdf
2014-12-01
132
152
10.21608/ajas.2014.3527
Geographical distribution
for imports
for vegetable oils
Egypt
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment the Role Performances and Services Quality of Agricultural Extension Centers from Point of Views by its personnel in Assiut Governorate
The main objectives of this paper are: first, determine the differences between role Performance level of Personnel in agricultural extension centers of their expected roles, examine personnel’ perception of services quality produced by extension centers, the empirical inquiry was carried out on sample of 60 personnel of agricultural extension centers. Fifteen expected roles of extension centers personnel were determined to carry out this empirical inquiry, and also twenty tow items under main five components using to measure services quality.
Data were collected by means of personal interview using a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. Percentages, and frequency distribution used for data processing and analysis using SPSS program.
Results show the following:
- respondents perceived three role performance had a high percentages, while another four roles had a low percentage.
- farmers perceived two role performance had a high percentages, these are recognizing of agricultural extension centers personnel of their problems, and helping them solving these problems .
- Coordinate with community organization and opinion leaders development had low percentage of roles performance.
- Services which produced by agricultural extension centers had low quality according to SERVQUAL scale.
This paper recommends that:
- training personnel on many roles like coordinate among rural organization in village.
- improving quality of produced services from agricultural extension centers.
- exploring the obstacles witch faced personnel to perform their expected roles.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3528_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
2014-12-01
223
233
10.21608/ajas.2014.3528
Evaluation
Workers
Assiut Governorate
Role of agricultural extension centers
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Economic Study of the Supply Response of the Oil Crops in Egypt
The nutritive vegetable oils considered from the oily crops used in human nutrition, and also the petit result of it which represented in the earnings considered forage for animals, hens, the peanut and sesame, sunflower and soybeans crops are considered the most important oily crops in Egypt as it represents about 12.38%, 6.69%, 3.74% and 3.18% from the total oily crops consequently in total of 25.99% and that as an average for the period (1990–2014) However the economic and manufacturer importance of the oily crops it doesn't have the sufficient importance as the grown space of these crops still limited as it doesn't exceed 0.45% of the average yielded space in Egypt during (1990 – 2012).
So the research aims at achieving a lot of objectives such as studying the relativity importance of the oil yields and the oily crops in Egypt and studying the productive and economic indicators of the oily crops in Egypt and the statistical estimation of the significance respond of the oily crops in Egypt, the study reached to a lot of results such as the following:-
- The total space of the oily crops represents about 9.31%, 21.24%, from each of the yielded space and the summer paddies obtained consequently during the period (1990 – 2012).
It's shown also from the study that it takes a general direction reduced in an incorporeal statistical amount reached 19.73 thousand acre during the study period.
- It's shown from studying the productive indicators for each of peanut and sesame crops that they took a general increasing direction in an incorporeal indicator amounted to 5.29,0.98 thousand acre of the yielded space, 0.019, 0.45 ton/acre for the acre productivity and 7.92, 0.75 thousand ton for the total production in Egypt consequently during the study.
- It's shown also from studying the productive indicators for each of the sunflower and soybeans crops that they took a general direction reduced in an incorporeal statistical amount for each of the yielded space and the total production amounted to 1.36, 2.79 thousand acre consequently and 1.017, 2.72 thousand ton consequently, whereas the acre productivity of the two crops took a general direction increasing in an incorporeal statistical amount of 0.008,0.024 ton/acre consequently during the study.
- The economic indicators of peanuts crop refer to that it took a general indicator increasing in an incorporeal statistical amount 27.28, 95.77, 178.16 pound/ton for the agricultural price, the average cost of the produced unit, the profit of the produced unit consequently, whereas it reached 391.31, 142.46, 248.85, 0.046, 0.045 pound/acre of the total revenue, the acre costs, net return of the acre, ratio of revenue to costs and the return of the invested pound consequently during the study.
- It's noticed through the study of the economic indicators of sesame, sunflower and soybean that they took a general direction in an incorporeal amount increasing statistically reached about 310.55, 102.5, 106.03, pound/ton for the agricultural price and 189.16, 71.01, 63.54 pound/ton for the average cost of the produced unit, 142.5, 28.19, 62.3 pound/ton for the profit of the produced unit, 191.98, 112.81, 188.3 pound/acre for the total revenue, 109.55, 80.73, 106.68 pound/acre for the total costs, 82.23, 32.08, 90.28 pound/acre for the net return of the acre consequently during the study.
While the net return of the soybean crop took a general direction in an incorporeal amount statistically increased is about 0.02 pound/acre, while the sesame and sunflower crops took a general direction in a not incorporeal amount statistically increased, the ratio of revenues to costs for the sesame, sunflower and soybean took a general direction reduced and not statistically incorporeal during the study.
It's shown from the estimation of the respond of the show for the oily crops in Egypt which depended on the delayed distribution samples such as Mark Nearlove, Fisher, Solo, Georginson and Kedhy in addition to the other suggested samples, and the most important factors affecting the grown space of Peanuts and Sesame at the current year represented at the agricultural price and the grown space at the previous year and the acre productivity as increasing each of them by the unit amount resulted in increasing the current grown space by the amount of 0.007, 0.001 thousand acre of the agricultural price 0.809, 0.312 thousand acre of the grown space, 118.8, 0.423 thousand acre of the acre productivity of the two crops consequently during the period (1990 – 2012).
It also revealed that, one of the most important factors affecting the grown space at the current year of the sunflower crop represented in the agricultural price and the grown space at the previous year with a delay period of two years and the total cost as increasing each of them by the unit amount resulted in increasing the current grown space by 0.006, 0.278, - 0.02, - 0.010 thousand acre consequently during the study, and it's noticed that there is an inverse relation between increasing the current space of the sunflower crop and the grown space with a delay of two years and that not agreed with the economic logic.
About the soybean crop it's revealed that the most effective factors on the current grown space represented in the agricultural price, the grown space at th previous year and the current costs as increasing each of them by the unit amount resulted in increasing the current total grown space by -0.003, 0.742, -0.004 thousand acre consequently during the study, and it's noticed that there is an inverse relation between increasing the current space of the soybean crop and the agricultural price which not agreed with the economic logic.
In accordance with that, the study recommends to the necessity of working on elicitation of new sorts to replace the old sorts to increase the productivity, reducing the costs by rationalizing the use of the production needs and making awareness campaigns for the farmers by the agricultural cooperative associations, modifying the oily crops to encourage the farmers on growing these crops.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3529_0aeb465887a267d3c4a3c69b9b9bba76.pdf
2014-12-01
153
183
10.21608/ajas.2014.3529
Supply Function
Economic study
Egypt
Oil Crops
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An economic Study of the Merits Productivity of the Most Important Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in the Provinces of the Main Production with a Focus on Assiut Governorate
This research aimed to shed light over the evolution of the crop production which was studied in Egypt during the period (1995-2012) by studying the development of the cultivated area productivity, production and equation estimation of simple regression, also it aimed to asses production efficiency of the crops which were studied in their main production efficiency and its production districts by estimating average of feddan production, and choosing the significant differences between these governorates and between the districts concerning average of feddan production.
The current study data were taken from the bulletin issued by the central administration of the agricultural economy of the ministry of agriculture and the agriculture directorate in Assiut, in addition to the previous studies which care with this subject.
The study revealed the following findings:
First: The production efficiency for the governorates comes as a studying position with significant differences:
1- For Cumin crop, El-Minia, Assiut, El-Gharbia and New Valley were in the first class, where Bany-Sweef and El-Fayoum were in the second and final class.
2- For Anise crop, El-Fayoum was in the first class, where Assiut and El-Minia were in the second class, where Bany-Sweef and New Valley in the third and final class.
3- For Fennel crop, Assiut and El-Fayoum were in the first class, where El-Minia was in the second class, where Quena and El-Sharkia were in the third class, but Bany-Sweef was in the fourth and final class.
4- For Coriander crop, Bany-Sweef and Assiut were in the first class, where El-Gharbia and El-Minia were in the second class,where El-Behera and El-Fayoum were in the final class.
5- For Basil crop, Bany-Sweef was in the first class, where Assiut and El-Fayoum were in the second class, where El-Minia and El-Sharkia were in the third and final class
Second: The production efficiency for districts for only fennel and Coriander with significant differences:
1- For fennel crop, Manfalout, Abnoub and Dairout were in the first class, where El-Kosia and El-Fateh were in the second and final class.
2- For Coriander crop, Dairout was in the first class, where El-Kosia and Manfalout were in the second and final class.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3530_f83896cc8bc1812c90aa8eee7283fbcc.pdf
2014-12-01
184
199
10.21608/ajas.2015.3530
An economic study of the productive merit of the most important medicinal and aromatic plants
Assiut Governorate
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Some Economic Indicators of Balady Bread Industry at Assiut City
Baladi bread is one of the most important types of bread consumed by the Egyptian society in general and those of low-income on particular. The study aimed to identify some production economics indicators of baladi bread industry especially those related by its infrastructure, both of total costs and returns, and net income derived from it. The study depended on the quantitative and qualitative analysis, applying regression analysis and reached to this results and recommendation:
1- The number of bakeries not only differs in its increase rates than that of total population at both of Assiut governorate and its counties, but also has been distributed at unfair base among different counties.
2- The differences in baking costs among the west and east parts of Assiut city are mainly due to the differences in the costs of the rental value of the bakeries and the costs of their labour.
3. Clear role for the use of natural gas in reducing the cost of baladi bread production compared using kerosene as a source of energy.
4. Bakeries with medium capacities (one ton and less than two ton) are aple to reduce the cost of baking compared to each of the two other categories at least (less than one ton) and (two ton and over).
5. The gains of bakeries used natural gas amounted to an average of about 38 pounds par ton while the loss of those used kerosene is amounted to an average of about 89 pounds par ton. At the same time the gains of bakeries with a capacity (one ton and less than two ton) are estimated at an average of about 14 pounds par ton, while the loss of bakeries with capacities (less than one ton) and (two ton and over) amounted to an average of about 47, 4 pounds and 33, 9 pounds par ton, which may reflect the legitimacy of the owners of bakeries in claim to reconsider of their accounting style concerning the activity of baking industry.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3531_d27834d13755d154f5af550d74e265dc.pdf
2014-12-01
200
222
10.21608/ajas.2015.3531
Assiut
balady bread
Economic indicators