eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
1
8
10.21608/ajas.2016.900
900
Original Article
Assessment of Chemical Composition, Minerals and Amino Acid Content of Farmhouse Concentrate in Fermented Milk (laban zeer) Manufactured in Minia Province
تقییم الترکیب الکیمیائی والمعدنی والمحتوى من الاحماض الامینیة للبن المتخمر المرکز ( لبن الزیر) المصنع ریفیاً بمحافظة المنیا
Ten samples of laban zeer were collected from different locations of Minia province, and analyzed for chemical composition, minerals and amino acids content. Results indicated that the average gross composition of Laban Zeer was: 25.98%, total solid, 4.30% fat, 12.81% total protein, 4.25%ash and 4.58% salt. Mineral composition also indicated that laban zeer is an excellent source of Ca, Mg. Zn and selenium and contained an appreciable amount of Mn, Cu and Fe, while Na content was very high. Laban zeer was found to be a rich in most of essential amino acid exclusive methionine. It could be concluded that laban zeer is very nutritive fermented milk product with a wide range of composition which demonstrate the obvious need for criteria or standardization of manufacturing method.
Ten samples of laban zeer were collected from different locations of Minia province, and analyzed for chemical composition, minerals and amino acids content. Results indicated that the average gross composition of Laban Zeer was: 25.98%, total solid, 4.30% fat, 12.81% total protein, 4.25%ash and 4.58% salt. Mineral composition also indicated that laban zeer is an excellent source of Ca, Mg. Zn and selenium and contained an appreciable amount of Mn, Cu and Fe, while Na content was very high. Laban zeer was found to be a rich in most of essential amino acid exclusive methionine. It could be concluded that laban zeer is very nutritive fermented milk product with a wide range of composition which demonstrate the obvious need for criteria or standardization of manufacturing method.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_900_fff6021b44f8bba30192c7a44d72a671.pdf
(laban zeer
farmhouse
Minia Governorate)
(الزير لبن
مزرعة
محافظة المنيا)
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
9
23
10.21608/ajas.2016.901
901
Original Article
Evaluation of Gene Action for Several Important Traits in Some Crosses of Canola (Brassica napus L.) Using Generation Mean Analysis
تقییم الفعل الجینى لعدد من الصفات الهامة فى بعض هجن الکانولا بإستخدام تحلیل متوسط الجیل
Generation mean analysis was performed using three crosses (DH4xDH5), (DH4xSerw5) and (DH5xSerw5) to study the nature and magnitude of gene effects on vegetative characters, seed yield and oil percentage in canola (Brassica napus L.) under two locations (Mansoura and Assiut). Type of gene action varied with the plant traits, crosses and locations. Genotype x locations interaction was statistically significant in the expression of all the plant traits. Number of components of generation means varied with crosses and locations. Non-additive gene action was involved in most of the traits in different crosses under the two locations. Also, the results showed that oil percentage (Oil %) trait influenced by types of epistatic gene effect, which included additive x dominance (ad) and dominance x dominance (dd), indicating the role of non-allelic interaction in the genetic expression of this trait. Therefore, it could be concluded that the production of hybrids is the best breeding program for the improvement the studied traits.
Generation mean analysis was performed using three crosses (DH4xDH5), (DH4xSerw5) and (DH5xSerw5) to study the nature and magnitude of gene effects on vegetative characters, seed yield and oil percentage in canola (Brassica napus L.) under two locations (Mansoura and Assiut). Type of gene action varied with the plant traits, crosses and locations. Genotype x locations interaction was statistically significant in the expression of all the plant traits. Number of components of generation means varied with crosses and locations. Non-additive gene action was involved in most of the traits in different crosses under the two locations. Also, the results showed that oil percentage (Oil %) trait influenced by types of epistatic gene effect, which included additive x dominance (ad) and dominance x dominance (dd), indicating the role of non-allelic interaction in the genetic expression of this trait. Therefore, it could be concluded that the production of hybrids is the best breeding program for the improvement the studied traits.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_901_c727636287a0fc206e0896af3ed90601.pdf
Brassica napus
Generation Mean Analysis
gene action
Oil contents
yield components
الکرنب. الجيل تحليل متوسط. عمل الجينات. محتويات النفط. مکونات المحصول-الکانولا
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
24
33
10.21608/ajas.2016.902
902
Original Article
Characterization of Insecticide Cross-resistance in a Fenitrothion-resistant Strain of Culex pipiens Larvae
خصائص المقاومة المشترکة للمبیدات علی سلالة مقاومة للفینتروثیون من یرقات بعوض الکیولیکس بیبنز
Insecticide resistant strains of mosquitoes is considered as a main problem in controlling malaria and dengue diseases. In the present study, a fenitrothion resistant strain (FEN-R-strain) of Culex pipiens larvae in Assiut University, Assiut Egypt, proved to have a high level of cross-resistance against the organophosphate insecticides. Cross-resistance to malathion (RR50 = 634.86-fold) was higher than that of fenitrothion (RR50 = 426.70-fold), whereas the cross-resistance to diazinon (RR50 = 97.86-fold) was lower than that of fenitrothion. RR50 on the other hand, the resistant strain had low level of cross-resistance toward chlorpyrifos (RR50 were 31.8-fold) as compared with the other tested organophosphates. The results revealed that larvae of FEN-R-strain displayed slightly high cross-resistance to the pyrethroid insecticidedeltamthrin (RR50 = 22.32-fold), moderate cross-resistance tocypermthrin (RR50 = 16.90-fold) andpermethrin (RR50 = 12.64-fold) and lless cross-resistance level was to fenvalerate (RR50 = 1.67-fold). Larvae of FEN-R-strain displayed high cross-resistance to the carbamate insecticidepropoxure (RR50 = 10.18-fold), low cross-resistance or tolerance tocarbaryl (RR50 = 4.13-fold) and very low cross-resistance or tolerance to methomyl (RR50 = 1.96-fold).Data also indicated that larvae of the FEN-R-strain of Culex pipiens displayed slight cross-resistance to the bioinsecticidespinosad (RR50 = 250.53-fold) and low cross-resistance or tolerance to avermectin (RR50 = 8.52-fold). Larvae of FEN-R-strain showed moderate cross-resistance or tolerance to the insect growth inhibitor insecticidepyriproxyfen (RR50 = 10.30-fold).
The variability in cross-resistance values in larvae of FEN-R-strain of Cx. pipiens to different conventional insecticides seem to indicate the absence of single mechanism controlling resistance among and within the insecticides classes (organophosphate, pyrethroide, carbamate, bioinsecticide and IGR insecticides). This pattern suggests multiple mechanisms of resistance, i.e. metabolic resistance and insensitive target site.
Insecticide resistant strains of mosquitoes is considered as a main problem in controlling malaria and dengue diseases. In the present study, a fenitrothion resistant strain (FEN-R-strain) of Culex pipiens larvae in Assiut University, Assiut Egypt, proved to have a high level of cross-resistance against the organophosphate insecticides. Cross-resistance to malathion (RR50 = 634.86-fold) was higher than that of fenitrothion (RR50 = 426.70-fold), whereas the cross-resistance to diazinon (RR50 = 97.86-fold) was lower than that of fenitrothion. RR50 on the other hand, the resistant strain had low level of cross-resistance toward chlorpyrifos (RR50 were 31.8-fold) as compared with the other tested organophosphates. The results revealed that larvae of FEN-R-strain displayed slightly high cross-resistance to the pyrethroid insecticidedeltamthrin (RR50 = 22.32-fold), moderate cross-resistance tocypermthrin (RR50 = 16.90-fold) andpermethrin (RR50 = 12.64-fold) and lless cross-resistance level was to fenvalerate (RR50 = 1.67-fold). Larvae of FEN-R-strain displayed high cross-resistance to the carbamate insecticidepropoxure (RR50 = 10.18-fold), low cross-resistance or tolerance tocarbaryl (RR50 = 4.13-fold) and very low cross-resistance or tolerance to methomyl (RR50 = 1.96-fold).Data also indicated that larvae of the FEN-R-strain of Culex pipiens displayed slight cross-resistance to the bioinsecticidespinosad (RR50 = 250.53-fold) and low cross-resistance or tolerance to avermectin (RR50 = 8.52-fold). Larvae of FEN-R-strain showed moderate cross-resistance or tolerance to the insect growth inhibitor insecticidepyriproxyfen (RR50 = 10.30-fold).
The variability in cross-resistance values in larvae of FEN-R-strain of Cx. pipiens to different conventional insecticides seem to indicate the absence of single mechanism controlling resistance among and within the insecticides classes (organophosphate, pyrethroide, carbamate, bioinsecticide and IGR insecticides). This pattern suggests multiple mechanisms of resistance, i.e. metabolic resistance and insensitive target site.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_902_75dea6e6495381805e3b400d3be1722a.pdf
Insecticide resistant
Cross-resistance
Mosquito
Culex pipiens
fenitrothion
مقاومة الحشرات
عبر المقاومة
البعوض
بعوض الکيولکس
الفينيتروثيون
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
34
46
10.21608/ajas.2016.903
903
Original Article
Using the Organic and Bio-fertilizers as a Partial Substitute for Mineral-N in Williams Banana Orchards
استخدام الأسمدة العضویة والحیویة کبدیل جزئی للأسمدة الآزوتیة المعدنیة فی بساتین الموز ولیامز
This study was carried out during two consecutive seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 on the third and fourth ration of Williams banana plants. The plants are grown in a private Orchard located at Kom Ombo city, Aswan Governorate, Egypt. The compost as an organic fertilizer, enriched with EM or bio-mex was used as a partial replacement for the mineral-N fertilizer. The experiment was set up as a complete randomized block design.
The results revealed that using the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) via 25% as a mineral source and 25 to 50% as an organic one enriched with 50 or 25% of EM or bio-mex significantly enhanced the length and circumference of pseudostem, leaf area and total leaf area/plant as well as percentage of N, P and K of leaves compared to use the RDN only as a mineral N fertilizer.
Also, the N fertilization with a combination of mineral and organic N sources with a bio-fertilizer significantly increased the bunch weight and hand weight consequently increased the yield/plant, as well as improved the fruit quality compared to use the RDN only as a mineral source. The promotion on such growth and fruiting traits was associated with increasing percentage of bio-form from 25 to 50%. The organic fertilizer enriched with bio-mex significantly stimulated these traits more than its use with EM.
It is evident that such N fertilization program is very important for the banana fruit production. It improve the nutrient status, yield and fruit quality of banana plants. In addition, it minimizes the production costs and environmental pollution which could be occurred with using chemical fertilizers.
This study was carried out during two consecutive seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 on the third and fourth ration of Williams banana plants. The plants are grown in a private Orchard located at Kom Ombo city, Aswan Governorate, Egypt. The compost as an organic fertilizer, enriched with EM or bio-mex was used as a partial replacement for the mineral-N fertilizer. The experiment was set up as a complete randomized block design.
The results revealed that using the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) via 25% as a mineral source and 25 to 50% as an organic one enriched with 50 or 25% of EM or bio-mex significantly enhanced the length and circumference of pseudostem, leaf area and total leaf area/plant as well as percentage of N, P and K of leaves compared to use the RDN only as a mineral N fertilizer.
Also, the N fertilization with a combination of mineral and organic N sources with a bio-fertilizer significantly increased the bunch weight and hand weight consequently increased the yield/plant, as well as improved the fruit quality compared to use the RDN only as a mineral source. The promotion on such growth and fruiting traits was associated with increasing percentage of bio-form from 25 to 50%. The organic fertilizer enriched with bio-mex significantly stimulated these traits more than its use with EM.
It is evident that such N fertilization program is very important for the banana fruit production. It improve the nutrient status, yield and fruit quality of banana plants. In addition, it minimizes the production costs and environmental pollution which could be occurred with using chemical fertilizers.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_903_75b260970fc1562ba6a6ddf70b828d4c.pdf
organic
bio-fertilization
Banana
yield
Nutrient status
environmental pollution
العضوية
الإخصاب الحيوي
الموز
والغلة
الحالة الغذائية
والتلوث البيئي
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
47
60
10.21608/ajas.2016.904
904
Original Article
Effect of Paraffin Oil and Polyethylene Packaging on "Manfaluty" Pomegranate Fruits During Storage
تأثیر زیت البرافین وأکیاس البولى ایثیلین علی ثمار الرمان صنف "المنفلوطى" أثناء
فترة التخزین
This investigation aimed to study the effect of paraffin oil and polyethylene bags used separately or in combination on storage quality of "Manfaluty" pomegranate fruits during storage throughout 2012 and 2013 seasons. Fruits were stored at 5 °C with 85-90% RH and room temperature at 22 ± 5 C°. Generally, the storage period in the present study was 45 days at room temperature and 90 days at cold storage. All treatments, namely, coating with paraffin oil, packing with polyethylene bags and combination of both coating and packing, significantly decreased weight loss % and decay % of stored Manfalouty fruits compared with untreated fruits (control) under both storage conditions during 2012 and 2013 seasons. Concerning the chemical properties, total soluble solids (T.S.S) % and acidity gradually increased with the progress of storage period, under all storage conditions during both tested seasons. At the end of storage period the treated fruits with polyethylene bags + paraffin oil contained the lowest values of T.S.S and acidity % while the untreated fruits (control) had the highest percentage of both properties. Juice volume decreased with the extending of storage period and reached the minimum values after 45 days at room temperature and 90 days under cold storage during both investigated seasons. The highest juice content was obtained by polyethylene packing + paraffin oil coating, while the lowest content was found in untreated fruits (control).
This investigation aimed to study the effect of paraffin oil and polyethylene bags used separately or in combination on storage quality of "Manfaluty" pomegranate fruits during storage throughout 2012 and 2013 seasons. Fruits were stored at 5 °C with 85-90% RH and room temperature at 22 ± 5 C°. Generally, the storage period in the present study was 45 days at room temperature and 90 days at cold storage. All treatments, namely, coating with paraffin oil, packing with polyethylene bags and combination of both coating and packing, significantly decreased weight loss % and decay % of stored Manfalouty fruits compared with untreated fruits (control) under both storage conditions during 2012 and 2013 seasons. Concerning the chemical properties, total soluble solids (T.S.S) % and acidity gradually increased with the progress of storage period, under all storage conditions during both tested seasons. At the end of storage period the treated fruits with polyethylene bags + paraffin oil contained the lowest values of T.S.S and acidity % while the untreated fruits (control) had the highest percentage of both properties. Juice volume decreased with the extending of storage period and reached the minimum values after 45 days at room temperature and 90 days under cold storage during both investigated seasons. The highest juice content was obtained by polyethylene packing + paraffin oil coating, while the lowest content was found in untreated fruits (control).
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_904_28af7766dd2156ce7701c4062240924e.pdf
Manfaluty" pomegranate
paraffin oil
Polyethylene bags
Cold storage
Room temperature
Manfaluty "الرمان
زيت البارافين
أکياس البولي ايثلين ومنتجات التخزين البارد
درجة حرارة الغرفة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
61
77
10.21608/ajas.2016.905
905
Original Article
Effect of Salicylic Acid on Enhancing Growth, Some Nutrients Con-centration and Carbohydrates Metabolism on Pomegranate Seedlings Infected with Meloidogyne javanica
تأثیر حمض السالسیلک على النمو والعناصر الغذائیة والکربوهیدرات لشتلات الرمان تحت ظروف الإصابة بالنیماتودا
The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on pomegranate seedlings (Manfalouty cultivar) infected with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica was studied in this research. Salicylic acid was applied with different concentrations (0,10 and 40 mM) on foliar and soil drenching. Some traits and characteristics were determined, i.e. shoot and root lengths (cm), shoot and root fresh and dry biomass (g), nematodes reproduction, potassium and magnesium mg/g of both shoot and root, total chlorophyll content and total carbohydrates content (g/100g). Results showed that treated seedlings with SA had a healthier appearance under nematode infection, compare to untreated ones. Moreover, SA significantly enhanced most of vegetative growth parameters, and increased the potassium and magnesium uptake as well as their translocation from root to shoot, and increased the total carbohydrates content. Results also reveal that, all treatments either spraying or drenching significantly reduced all related nematode parameters i.e. number of galls/g root, number of egg masses/g root, as well as number of juveniles/100 g soil (after 45 or 90 days) compared to untreated plants.
The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on pomegranate seedlings (Manfalouty cultivar) infected with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica was studied in this research. Salicylic acid was applied with different concentrations (0,10 and 40 mM) on foliar and soil drenching. Some traits and characteristics were determined, i.e. shoot and root lengths (cm), shoot and root fresh and dry biomass (g), nematodes reproduction, potassium and magnesium mg/g of both shoot and root, total chlorophyll content and total carbohydrates content (g/100g). Results showed that treated seedlings with SA had a healthier appearance under nematode infection, compare to untreated ones. Moreover, SA significantly enhanced most of vegetative growth parameters, and increased the potassium and magnesium uptake as well as their translocation from root to shoot, and increased the total carbohydrates content. Results also reveal that, all treatments either spraying or drenching significantly reduced all related nematode parameters i.e. number of galls/g root, number of egg masses/g root, as well as number of juveniles/100 g soil (after 45 or 90 days) compared to untreated plants.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_905_c55a574fe82a2293ef1a43059a5d07ce.pdf
pomegranate
Root-knot nematodes
SPAD-502
Nutrients translocation
الرمان
نيماتودا تعقد الجذور
SPAD-502
المغذيات النبات
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
78
91
10.21608/ajas.2016.906
906
Original Article
Effect of Some Post-Harvest Treatments on Storability and Quality of Manfaluty Pomegranate Fruits at Ambient Temperature
تأثیر بعض معاملات ما بعد الحصاد علی جودة وقابلیة ثمار الرمان المنفلوطی للتخزین
علی درجة حرارة الغرفة
This investigation was conducted during two seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the effect of some post- harvest treatments on storability and quality of Manfalouty pomegranate fruits during storage at ambient temperature. The storage treatments are Nigalla sativa coating oil or wrapping singly or in combination. Sample of each treatments were randomly taken weekly.
The obtained data illustrated that undesirable fruits percentage and fruit weight loss %, increased by extending room temperature storage period till 7 weeks. The most clear reduction was associated with untreated fruits where the less values were related with fruit oil coating or fungicidal tissue paper wrappeing singly or in combination. While, juice volume per 100 gm arils gradually decreased by extending room temperature storage period.
Generally, all treatments of oil coating or any of wrapping materials singly or in combination of oil +fungicidal treated tissue paper wrapping, Nigella sativa essential oil, Nigella sativa essential oil coating + perforated polyethylene wrapping, fungicidal treated tissue paper wrapping and perforated significantly reduced the undesirable fruit and fruit weight loss percentage and significantly increased the juice volume contents compared the untreated fruits during room temperature storage for seven weeks.
Its clear to notice that prolonging room temperature storage for 7 weeks caused an increase of total soluble solids % and TSS/acid ratio. While Titratable acidity and vitamin C contents in stored fruits were reduced. Moreover, all treatments significantly decreased the TSS, acidity and increased the TSS/acid ratio and vitamin C content compared to untreated ones.
So, it could be concluded that it is important to use Nigella sativa essential oil coating and polyolephinic heat-shrinkable film wrapping to extend the storage life of pomegranate fruits and kept the original quality of the freshly harvested of Manfaluty pomegranate fruits.
This investigation was conducted during two seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the effect of some post- harvest treatments on storability and quality of Manfalouty pomegranate fruits during storage at ambient temperature. The storage treatments are Nigalla sativa coating oil or wrapping singly or in combination. Sample of each treatments were randomly taken weekly.
The obtained data illustrated that undesirable fruits percentage and fruit weight loss %, increased by extending room temperature storage period till 7 weeks. The most clear reduction was associated with untreated fruits where the less values were related with fruit oil coating or fungicidal tissue paper wrappeing singly or in combination. While, juice volume per 100 gm arils gradually decreased by extending room temperature storage period.
Generally, all treatments of oil coating or any of wrapping materials singly or in combination of oil +fungicidal treated tissue paper wrapping, Nigella sativa essential oil, Nigella sativa essential oil coating + perforated polyethylene wrapping, fungicidal treated tissue paper wrapping and perforated significantly reduced the undesirable fruit and fruit weight loss percentage and significantly increased the juice volume contents compared the untreated fruits during room temperature storage for seven weeks.
Its clear to notice that prolonging room temperature storage for 7 weeks caused an increase of total soluble solids % and TSS/acid ratio. While Titratable acidity and vitamin C contents in stored fruits were reduced. Moreover, all treatments significantly decreased the TSS, acidity and increased the TSS/acid ratio and vitamin C content compared to untreated ones.
So, it could be concluded that it is important to use Nigella sativa essential oil coating and polyolephinic heat-shrinkable film wrapping to extend the storage life of pomegranate fruits and kept the original quality of the freshly harvested of Manfaluty pomegranate fruits.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_906_a3665ac6cb3a86d359c8e42b7bd61749.pdf
Punica granatum
Fruit storage
Pomegranate Fruits
الرمان
تخزين الفاکهة والرمان الفواکه
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
92
103
10.21608/ajas.2016.907
907
Original Article
Effect of Pollination and Thinning Methods on Yield and Fruit Quality of Saidy Date Palms
تأثیر طرق التلقیح وخف الثمار علی محصول وخصائص ثمار نخیل البلح الصعیدی
The effect of fruit thinning and pollen grains dusting as a pollination methods of Saidy date palm which combines of both mechanical pollination and fruit thinning were studied during 2013, 2014 and 2015 seasons. Pollen mixed with starch in ratio of 1:1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 as 50, 25, 17, 12.5 and 10% active ingredients. Fruit thinning was carried out by 15, 30 and 45% removal of setting fruits.
The obtained results indicated that there were reduction in the percentage of fruit retention and fruit weight/bunch as the pollen grains concentration was lower or fruit thinning was done. There were no significant differences in fruit weight/bunch due to dusting pollen grains powder at 50 or 25% compared to control. On other hand, there was an improve in the fruit quality in terms of increasing the fruit weight, pulp %, total soluble solids and sugar contents and decreasing the fruit moisture content was observed with reduction of pollen grain concentrations and doing fruit thinning. Furthermore, there were no significant difference due to pollination by 17% pollen grains and removing 15% of fruit setting, as well as 12.5% pollen grains and 30% removal of setting fruit.
It could be concluded that pollination by 12.5% pollen grains powder or removing 30% of fruit setting could be a considerable yield with good fruit quality. In addition, dusting pollen grains powder at 12.5% resulted in combined of mechanical pollination and fruit thinning effects.
The effect of fruit thinning and pollen grains dusting as a pollination methods of Saidy date palm which combines of both mechanical pollination and fruit thinning were studied during 2013, 2014 and 2015 seasons. Pollen mixed with starch in ratio of 1:1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 as 50, 25, 17, 12.5 and 10% active ingredients. Fruit thinning was carried out by 15, 30 and 45% removal of setting fruits.
The obtained results indicated that there were reduction in the percentage of fruit retention and fruit weight/bunch as the pollen grains concentration was lower or fruit thinning was done. There were no significant differences in fruit weight/bunch due to dusting pollen grains powder at 50 or 25% compared to control. On other hand, there was an improve in the fruit quality in terms of increasing the fruit weight, pulp %, total soluble solids and sugar contents and decreasing the fruit moisture content was observed with reduction of pollen grain concentrations and doing fruit thinning. Furthermore, there were no significant difference due to pollination by 17% pollen grains and removing 15% of fruit setting, as well as 12.5% pollen grains and 30% removal of setting fruit.
It could be concluded that pollination by 12.5% pollen grains powder or removing 30% of fruit setting could be a considerable yield with good fruit quality. In addition, dusting pollen grains powder at 12.5% resulted in combined of mechanical pollination and fruit thinning effects.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_907_617093aaaaac811be2e05c29b66af9f2.pdf
pollen grain
Dusting
fruit thinning
yield
fruit quality
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
104
119
10.21608/ajas.2016.908
908
Original Article
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization Rates on Wheat Grown under Drip Irrigation System
تأثیر معدلات التسمید النیتروجینی علی القمح النامی تحت نظام الری بالتنقیط
Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is one of the most important actions that increases grain yield and improves grain quality in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. Presently, there are a large number of investigations in the field on different nitrogen fertilizer application regimes. However, there is little information available about the optimum level of N for drip irrigated wheat. Filed experiments in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) conducted to study the response of drip irrigated wheat to three levels of N (120, 180, and 240 kg N ha−1). The field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt during the two successive growth seasons of 2013/14 and 2014/2015. The application of N significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the growth of drip irrigated wheat. The highest rate of nitrogen increased the uptake of N, P, and K by 61, 75, and 57% compared to the lowest treatment. Increasing rate of nitrogen to 240 kg N per hectare increased the Water Use Efficiency (WUE) by 34 and 22% in the first and second season, respectively, compared to N120 treatment. The number of spike per m2, number of grains per spike, and grain weight per spike of wheat were affected significantly (P<0.05) by N treatments. The application of N240 increased the wheat grain yield by 34 and 22% in the first and second season, respectively, compared to N120. Based on the obtained results, it is recommended to fertilize drip irrigated wheat by 240 kg N per hectare.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_908_49b3842be9d6083fe65a698b53fb8a93.pdf
Drip irrigation
Wheat
urea
nutrients uptake
water use efficiency
yield
الري بالتنقيط
والقمح
واليوريا
والمغذيات امتصاص
کفاءة استخدام المياه
والغلة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
120
141
10.21608/ajas.2016.909
909
Original Article
Land Capability of Some Soils Representing Western Limestone Plateau at Assiut
تقییم صلاحیة بعض الأراضى الممثلة للهضبة الجیریة الغربیة فى أسیوط للزراعة
This study aims to evaluate the land capability of some soils located on the western limestone plateau, Assiut governorate, Egypt. The study area is bounded by longitudes 30◦ 37′ 00″ and 31◦ 17′ 00″ E and latitudes 26◦ 48′ 00″ and 27◦ 38′ 00″ N. Nineteen soil profiles were selected to represent the soils of the study area using the topography status and the surface field observations. The elevation of the studied area varied from 116 to 283 m above the sea level. The studied soil profiles showed mainly sand, sandy loam and loamy sand texture with different gravel contents. They were shallow to deep. The soil organic matter content was low and decreased with depth. The studied soils ranged from non-saline to very strongly saline with ECe values that varied from 1.7 to 89.7 dS/m. They were moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline as the soil pH ranged from 7.9 to 9.3. The calcium carbonate content of these soils varied from 13.1 to 89.4% with a calcareous parent material while the gypsum content was low (0.02-3.03%). Low values of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) were recorded for these soils reflecting their coarse texture. Most of the studied soils are non-sodic, with an ESP value less than 15%. The land capability of these soils was achieved using both the modified Storie index and the applied system of land evaluation (ASLE) program for arid and semi-arid regions. The rating of the studied soil profiles according to modified Storie index was between 13.0 and 50.0% (grade 3 to grade 5) that ranged from fair for agricultural use to non-use for agriculture. Moreover, these soil profiles showed an ASLE rating that varied from 4.9 to 26.6% (class 4 to class 6). According to this program, the studied soils ranged from poor for agricultural use to non suitable for agriculture. The main limitations for these soils were the soil texture, calcium carbonate and salinity.
This study aims to evaluate the land capability of some soils located on the western limestone plateau, Assiut governorate, Egypt. The study area is bounded by longitudes 30◦ 37′ 00″ and 31◦ 17′ 00″ E and latitudes 26◦ 48′ 00″ and 27◦ 38′ 00″ N. Nineteen soil profiles were selected to represent the soils of the study area using the topography status and the surface field observations. The elevation of the studied area varied from 116 to 283 m above the sea level. The studied soil profiles showed mainly sand, sandy loam and loamy sand texture with different gravel contents. They were shallow to deep. The soil organic matter content was low and decreased with depth. The studied soils ranged from non-saline to very strongly saline with ECe values that varied from 1.7 to 89.7 dS/m. They were moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline as the soil pH ranged from 7.9 to 9.3. The calcium carbonate content of these soils varied from 13.1 to 89.4% with a calcareous parent material while the gypsum content was low (0.02-3.03%). Low values of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) were recorded for these soils reflecting their coarse texture. Most of the studied soils are non-sodic, with an ESP value less than 15%. The land capability of these soils was achieved using both the modified Storie index and the applied system of land evaluation (ASLE) program for arid and semi-arid regions. The rating of the studied soil profiles according to modified Storie index was between 13.0 and 50.0% (grade 3 to grade 5) that ranged from fair for agricultural use to non-use for agriculture. Moreover, these soil profiles showed an ASLE rating that varied from 4.9 to 26.6% (class 4 to class 6). According to this program, the studied soils ranged from poor for agricultural use to non suitable for agriculture. The main limitations for these soils were the soil texture, calcium carbonate and salinity.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_909_f9379e431c0c5b25b2f0d66b9685c94b.pdf
Land capability
Western Desert
Limestone Plateau
قدرة الأرض
الصحراء الغربية
الحجر الجيري الهضبة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
142
155
10.21608/ajas.2016.910
910
Original Article
Quantitative Determination of Agricultural Employment in Assiut Governorate
التحدید الکمی للعمالة الزراعیة فی محافظة أسیوط
The human element of Work is considered one of the main resources productivity in the national economy and the most important elements of the promotion of agriculture production. The problem of this study is high rates of unemployment and low productivity of the individual in the various sectors in general and agriculture in particular. This study aims to identify whether there is a surplus or deficit in agricultural employment. As well as to identify the most important characteristics of the labor force in general and the agricultural labor force in particular. The study is based on field data through a random sample of 400 farmers. In addition to secondary data published by publications central agency for Public mobilization and statistics, records information and decision support center in Assiut governorate, in addition to general administration bulletins agricultural.
One of the most important findings of the study, the needs of human force working in agriculture and the preservation of 796931 thousand people. Represents the male work around 51,97%, women toward 40,15%, children of both sexes (males and females) about 7.88%. Reached a needs assessment of the agricultural work available in the sample study of human force working in agriculture and about 472 men, 213 women and 250 children. Thus as much as working days available in full year about 132.16 thousand man/day, 40.04 thousand women/day, 3,95 thousand children/day. As the needs assessment of agricultural work, dead freight in vegetable production toward 97.44 thousand man/day. While assessing the needs of the user action necessary units of animal production about 30 thousand man/day. As it became clear that the days of exploitative work over the days of necessary action, there are limited employment convincing the maintenance by 0.60 %, while there are limited employment Blatant In the study sample preservation by 23%.
The study recommends that the need for expansion in the reclamation of agricultural land and the establishment of agricultural projects small and work to create new employment opportunities and to absorb surplus unemployment. as well as work on the establishment of specialized training centers in the field of agricultural work in order to create a broad base of skilled and trained.
The human element of Work is considered one of the main resources productivity in the national economy and the most important elements of the promotion of agriculture production. The problem of this study is high rates of unemployment and low productivity of the individual in the various sectors in general and agriculture in particular. This study aims to identify whether there is a surplus or deficit in agricultural employment. As well as to identify the most important characteristics of the labor force in general and the agricultural labor force in particular. The study is based on field data through a random sample of 400 farmers. In addition to secondary data published by publications central agency for Public mobilization and statistics, records information and decision support center in Assiut governorate, in addition to general administration bulletins agricultural.
One of the most important findings of the study, the needs of human force working in agriculture and the preservation of 796931 thousand people. Represents the male work around 51,97%, women toward 40,15%, children of both sexes (males and females) about 7.88%. Reached a needs assessment of the agricultural work available in the sample study of human force working in agriculture and about 472 men, 213 women and 250 children. Thus as much as working days available in full year about 132.16 thousand man/day, 40.04 thousand women/day, 3,95 thousand children/day. As the needs assessment of agricultural work, dead freight in vegetable production toward 97.44 thousand man/day. While assessing the needs of the user action necessary units of animal production about 30 thousand man/day. As it became clear that the days of exploitative work over the days of necessary action, there are limited employment convincing the maintenance by 0.60 %, while there are limited employment Blatant In the study sample preservation by 23%.
The study recommends that the need for expansion in the reclamation of agricultural land and the establishment of agricultural projects small and work to create new employment opportunities and to absorb surplus unemployment. as well as work on the establishment of specialized training centers in the field of agricultural work in order to create a broad base of skilled and trained.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_910_b50558edac244663b67fa67ae004d5f8.pdf
Assiut province-agricultural employment-quantitative determination
محافظة اسيوط-العمالة الزراعية-التحديد الکمى
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
156
188
10.21608/ajas.2016.911
911
Original Article
The Proposed Geographical Distribution of Exports the Most Important Vegetable Crops in Egypt
التوزیع الجغرافى المقترح لصادرات أهم محاصیل الخضر فى مصر
The proposed objective of this research to know the geographical distribution optimized for Egypt's exports of vegetable crops under study (potatoes - onions full - Fresh tomatoes - green beans - Fresh strawberries).
And using the equations of general direction and style of linear programming to identify the quantity and value and export price during the period from 2010 - 2014,
Has been getting the required data from the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (unpublished data) in addition to the United Nations web site http://comtrade.un.org/ Un coumtred.
The fourth model proposed for the geographical distribution of exports potatoes, green beans is the best of the proposed models and because it is in the best increase in the volume and value of exports for the geographical distribution of current exports, while in tomatoes, onions and strawberries is considered the third model is the best of the proposed models.
The proposed objective of this research to know the geographical distribution optimized for Egypt's exports of vegetable crops under study (potatoes - onions full - Fresh tomatoes - green beans - Fresh strawberries).
And using the equations of general direction and style of linear programming to identify the quantity and value and export price during the period from 2010 - 2014,
Has been getting the required data from the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (unpublished data) in addition to the United Nations web site http://comtrade.un.org/ Un coumtred.
The fourth model proposed for the geographical distribution of exports potatoes, green beans is the best of the proposed models and because it is in the best increase in the volume and value of exports for the geographical distribution of current exports, while in tomatoes, onions and strawberries is considered the third model is the best of the proposed models.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_911_aa5b48a22fc214ed005e303de8db82db.pdf
Egypt geographical distribution-export-vegetable crops
مصر- التوزيع الجغرافى-الصادرات-محاصيل الخضر
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
189
205
10.21608/ajas.2016.912
912
Original Article
An Economic Study For Compititiveness of the Most Important Egyption Exports in European Union Markets
دراسة اقتصادیة لتنافسیة اهم صادرات مصر الزراعیة فی سوق الاتحاد الاوروبى
Targeted Find the most important Egypt's agricultural exportsCompetitiveness Study of (grapes, oranges, onions, potatoes) in the EU market,where it was found that the most important EU markets for Egyptian grapes areUnited Kingdom, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, France, and the Egyptian orangeare United Kingdom, Netherlands, Italy, Ireland, France and Belgium and to theEgyptian onions are Netherlands, United Kingdom, Romania, Italy, France, andpotatoes are Netherlands, Italy, Greece and United Kingdom, Netherlands andGermany during the period (2009-2013).
Targeted Find the most important Egypt's agricultural exportsCompetitiveness Study of (grapes, oranges, onions, potatoes) in the EU market,where it was found that the most important EU markets for Egyptian grapes areUnited Kingdom, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, France, and the Egyptian orangeare United Kingdom, Netherlands, Italy, Ireland, France and Belgium and to theEgyptian onions are Netherlands, United Kingdom, Romania, Italy, France, andpotatoes are Netherlands, Italy, Greece and United Kingdom, Netherlands andGermany during the period (2009-2013).
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_912_92f3f1c1c27582be8eb680d3dda7b664.pdf
Study Aguetsadah- exports Mmsr- EU market
دراسة اقتصادية- صادرات ممصر- سوق الاتحاد الاوروبى
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2016-06-01
47
3
206
216
10.21608/ajas.2016.913
913
Original Article
An Economic Estimation of Cost Functions in the Long Term and Economies of Scale to Date Palm in Siwa Oasis
التقدیر الاقتصادى لدوال التکالیف فى المدى الطویل واقتصادیات السعة لنخیل البلح فى واحة سیوة
The objective of this study is Specify and estimate dates cost function and to utilize it's indicators to understand the production performance of date in siwa oasis and to draw some policy implications for dates production. The study relied on primary data. A stratified random sample of 36 farmers representing date producers was selected from siwa oasis. Farm owners sample were interviewed, and primary data were gathered through the interviews in 2014 season. Analytical procedures were utilized in processing and analyzing the data. Multiple regressions were used to reach the basic findings of this research. Cost function was specified and estimated in various functional forms.
The objective of this study is Specify and estimate dates cost function and to utilize it's indicators to understand the production performance of date in siwa oasis and to draw some policy implications for dates production. The study relied on primary data. A stratified random sample of 36 farmers representing date producers was selected from siwa oasis. Farm owners sample were interviewed, and primary data were gathered through the interviews in 2014 season. Analytical procedures were utilized in processing and analyzing the data. Multiple regressions were used to reach the basic findings of this research. Cost function was specified and estimated in various functional forms.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_913_1975c6238196d2ab1f9cd947ed9dcade.pdf
Cost-Economic Assessment-Oasis Cioh
التکاليف-التقدير الاقتصادى-واحة سيوة