THE EFFICIENCY USING OF WATER RESOURCES UNDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS IN ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT

Water considered the doner of life to cultivated area.  Nile is the main source of water in Egypt which gave about 98% of water needs to irrigation. The limited of water is a big problem especially with the increases of population which make the quantity of water to individual In continues decrease, also the horizontal expantion of new land needs more water to cultivation. The aim objectives of this paper is to study the water sources and its development through the period 1985 - 2004  beside of developing the water sources ,the water use efficiency and minimizing water pollution .
The present study shows that the available water in Egypt is about 73.81 miliar M³ in 2004 , Nile represents 55.5 miliar m³ with 75.2% of the available water . The water used about 72.3 miliar M³ . the water balance about 1.51 miliar M³ . the study cleared that rate of change of Aswan Dam is about 498.5 miliar M³ through 1985 – 2004  while the increase of population about 1.18 million person for that the quantity of water to individual decreased with 18.1 m³ annually, the amount of water for individual 823 m³ through 2004 thus considered under water poverty line (  1000 m³ ) .
The efficiency of water conductivity between Aswan and the cultivating land is about 64.7% this mean that there is a water losses about 31.2% annually .
Water pollution due to many sources like agricultural water losses , drainage, industrial wastes , wastes and weeds