ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Selection Efficiency for Grain Yield Under Normal Irrigation and Water Stress Conditions in Bread Wheat
The objective of the present research was to study the efficiency of pedigree selection for grain yield/plant under normal irrigation and water stress conditions. Two cycles of pedigree selection for grain yield/plant were practiced separately under normal irrigation and water stress conditions. The base population was the F3 population of Sids 1/Misr 1. In the third year, selections under normal irrigation and water stress were evaluated at both environments. The phenotypic was slightly larger than the genotypic variance, and generally decreased from the F3 to the F5 generation. Broad-sense heritability was 87.08 and 85.38% under normal irrigation compared to 84.88 and 82.40% under water stress after cycle1 and 2, respectively. The realized heritability was 40.08 and 67.40% under normal irrigation compared to 40.19 and 78.47% under water deficit after cycle1 and 2, respectively. The average observed gains of normal irrigation selections were 19.58 and 23.66% from bulk sample and 7.93 and 8.73% from the better parent, while the average observed gains of water stress selections were 26.44 and 32.57% from bulk sample and 14.12 and 16.57% from the better parent, when evaluation practiced under normal irrigation and water stress, respectively. The results indicated that the antagonistic selection was better than synergistic selection in changing the mean and decreased the sensitivity. Grain yield/plant revealed positive and high phenotypic correlation with each of biological yield/plant, number of spikes/plant and number of kernels/spike under normal irrigation and water stress, and 100-kernel weight under water stress in the base population and after two cycle of selection for grain yield/plant. The results of path-coefficient analysis revealed that number of spikes/plant had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield/plant followed by number of kernels/spikes and 100-kernel weight after two cycle of pedigree selection for grain yield/plant under normal irrigation and water stress conditions
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5538_e9d651e8b15d0a9508293694697cdc4d.pdf
2017-10-01
1
20
10.21608/ajas.2017.5538
pedigree selection
selection response
drought susceptibility
synergistic vs. antagonistic
correlation
path-coefficient
Wheat
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Salicylic Acid Foliar Spray and NPK Fertilization on Wheat Productivity
A field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Agriculture Faculty, South Valley University at Qena Governorate, Egypt, during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons to study the effect of salicylic acid and NPK fertilization on wheat productivity. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using strip plot arrangement with three replications. The first variable was salicylic acid concentrations which occupied horizontally. While the second one was NPK rates which allocated vertically. The obtained results showed that all studied traits in both seasons were affected significantly by salicylic acid concentrations in favour of 150 ppm concentration as well as by NPK fertilization rates in favour of high rate(125, 45 and 48 kg fed-1 of N, P and K, respectively). Furthermore, wheat plants sprayed by high salicylic acid concentration and subjected to high NPK fertilization rate produced the highest mean values of grain yield (2600 and 2520 kg fed-1 in the first and second seasons, respectively). While, wheat plants sprayed by high salicylic acid concentration and subjected to low NPK fertilization rate gave the maximum mean values of use efficiency for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in both seasons.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5539_360e416cb6ae282942aab05342de8f79.pdf
2017-10-01
21
33
10.21608/ajas.1999.5539
Salicylic acid
NPK fertilization
Wheat
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Varieties and Sowing Dates on Forage Yield and its Components in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
This investigation was carried out to study the effect of temperature resulting from different sowing dates, varieties and their interaction on forage yield and its components of alfalfa. A set of seven varieties (Aswan, Balady, Dakhla, Ismailia-1, Nitrogen fixed, Genan, and Siwa) were sown on three sowing dates (20th of October, November and December) in randomized complete block design with three replicates in experimental farm of South Valley University during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Three cuts were taken after 80, 125 and 165 days from sowing. The results showed that the sowing dates and varieties had a significant effects on plant height, number of branches/plant, leaf/stem ratio, fresh and protein forage yields over the two seasons. Aswan population gave the tallest plant height, and highest forage yields over all sowing dates. Moreover, the tallest plant heightm highest number of branches/plant and seasonal fresh, dry and protein forage yields were obtained from the plants sown on 20th December over the two seasons.
The sowing dates and varieties and their interactions were significant for plant height, number of branches/plant, and seasonal, fresh, dry and protein forage yields. Finally the stability analysis revealed that the average stability region involved Siwa, Balady, Dakhla and Nitrogen fixed populations for plant height and Genan and Ismailia populations for seasonal fresh forage yield. Moreover, all seven populations except Dakhla and Aswan populations were involved in stability region for seasonal protein forage yield.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5540_15214e6d23e0ac6dd67a29e0314bf6bf.pdf
2017-10-01
34
56
10.21608/ajas.2017.5540
: Alfalfa
Medicago sativa L
sowing date
stability
genotype x environment interaction
forage yield and its components
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Stability of Seed Yield and its Components in some Alfalfa Genotypes Under Different Environments
This investigation was carried out to study the effect of temperature resulting from different sowing dates during the stage of flowering and seed maturity as well as the effect of genotypes x environment interaction on seed yield and its components in some populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). A set of six populations from Egypt and one Genan from U.S.A. (Aswan, Balady, Dakha, Ismailia-1, Nitrogen fixed and Siwa) were sown on three sowing dates i.e. 20th of each of October, November and December in randomized complete block design with three replicates in the experimental farm of South Valley University during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. Three cuts were taken after 80, 125 and 165 days from sowing.
The results revealed that the highest number of pods/plant (63.8), 1000 seed weight (2.77 g) and seed yield/plant (0.86 g) were obtained from sowing on the 20th November. This result is due to that seed production is taking place during the April month.
The Aswan population outyielded (134.8 g/m2) other tested populations. On the other hand, Genan U.S.A. population gave the lowest yield (51.2 g/m2) over all sowing dates and seasons. Moreover, the environments, populations and their interaction were signficiant for number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 1000 seed weight and seed yield.
The estimates of genotypic stability parameters (a and l) for seed yield and its components showed that the average stability region involved Ismailia-1 population for number or pods/plant; Balady, Ismailia-1 and Nitrogen fixed populations for number of seeds/pod; Ismailia-1 for 1000 seed weight and Nitrogen fixed for seed yield/m2.
Also, the results showed that Aswan population was the highest seed yielding, but exhibited less stability (instable in seed yield). In contrast, Nitrogen fixed population showed lower seed yield, but in stable region
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5541_ecfdc99f0e83b798928cd3f444be88b6.pdf
2017-10-01
57
75
10.21608/ajas.2017.5541
alfalfa
Medicago sativa L
sowing date
stability
genotype x environment interaction
seed yield and its components
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation of the Efficiency of Sheep Breeding Lines in AlKarim Research Center using the Data Envelope Analysis (DEA)
The Center for Agricultural Research in Salamieh is interested in developing the livestock through its genetic improvement program. The Center is working on improving the genetic stock of sheep and selling sheep to farmers annually. The genetic improvement program is selecting sheep due to its milk production and the twin births percentages within three lines of breeding: meat line, milk line, and dual-purpose line.
The study compared the three lines in terms of efficiency using the DEA method. The results of the analysis showed that the technical efficiency indicators for each of the three lines during the study period (2007-2014) confirm the superiority of the dual-purpose line in the efficiency indicators in case of constant return to scale. The dual-purpose line came first with an average technical efficiency of 84.1% followed by the milk line and the meat line as well. In case of variable return to scale, the arrangement was not different. The dual-purpose line came first with an average technical efficiency of 93.7%. Which confirms the results of the data envelope analysis to compare the performance of each line during study years, which showed that the technical efficiency of this line was more stable than the other two lines. The Technical Efficiency Index reached optimum efficiency in 2008 and 2012. This means that the genetic stock of sheep selected in this line is relatively better.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5542_cb6a1e6d1d26f631ed5a3494ca56369f.pdf
2017-10-01
76
85
10.21608/ajas.2017.5542
Data envelopment analysis
Technical efficiency
Scale efficiency
Awassi Sheep
linear programming
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Date Palm Pollen and Bee Pollen as Growth Promoters on the Performance of Saidi Rams
The experiment was conducted at the Animal Experimental Farm, Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. The aim of this study was to determine body performance of rams drenched three times weekly for three months with: tab water (Control, C), date palm pollen (DPP) 30 gm, bee pollen (BP) 30 gm, and artificial bee bread (BB) 30 gm. All experimental supplements suspended in tab water.
Twenty Saidi rams were assigned randomly to four treatment groups (C, DPP, BP and BB) with an average initial body weight, 35.00, 36.24, 36.74 and 35.68 kg, respectively. Animals were fed roughage and concentrate dietsad libitum during the experimental period (three months). Feed consumption was determined, live weight gain and feed conversion were calculated. At the end of experimental period, the final body weight in C and DPP, BP and BB treated groups was 44.38, 52.75, 53.13, and 58.38 kg, respectively. Regarding body weight (BW) and average daily gain DPP, BP and BB showed significant increase (P<0.05) than the control while BB significantly (P<0.05) exceeded the other two treatments DPP and BP. No significant differences were detected between DPP and BP treated groups. All treated rams had higher (P< 0.05) total feed intake than the control. Feed conversion of DPP, BP and BB treated rams improved and was significantly lower (P<0.05) than the control. While the BB treated rams group showed the lowest feed conservation rate
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5543_33dbffb78f11c54240c2c50baee960e0.pdf
2017-10-01
86
98
10.21608/ajas.2017.5543
date palm pollen
bee pollen
Bee bread
sheep
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Does Anatomical Structure of Stem Cuttings Affect Root Formation
There was an apparent difference in tissue origin of adventitious roots in stem cuttings collected from Dracaena and Cordyline. Dracaena was difficulty rooting but Cordyline root quickly and easily when cuttings are taken from stock plants. The reasons for this could be due to their anatomy. The difficult-to-root cutting in Dracaena related to the presence of sclerenchyma ring between phloem and cortex. So Dracaena cutting require the application of auxin that has effects on the anatomical events that associated with the rooting process. The ease-to-root cutting Cordyline occurs as a result of the presence of preformed initials form within the cutting tissues that occurs readily on cutting without the need for special treatments of root formation. Hence, it is necessary to use anatomical study as indicator/markers of rooting ability.
The application of IBA at 1000ppm proved to be the most effective treatment in stimulating adventitious root formation on Dracaena cutting; it recorded 72.7% rooting followed by IAA (45.7%), NAA (32.3%) and untreated one (22.2%). However, these promoting substances resulting in approximate higher rooting percentages in Cordyline cuttings; IBA (100%), NAA (97.4%), IAA (96.9%) and control (92.7%) than in Dracaena ones.
Apparently, it is important to study the anatomical structure of stem cuttings for commercial production and what growth substances suitable for each to overcome the difficult-to-root problem.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5545_c64d16758453c3d7538ee4ebe642811d.pdf
2017-10-01
99
111
10.21608/ajas.2017.5545
stem anatomy
Cutting structure
growth regulators
Dracaena
Cordyline
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Isolation of Endophytic Actinomycetes From Leaves of Tomato Plants and Their Activities Against Bacterial Speck Disease
The biological control agents of endophytic actinomycetes was investigated to determine whether control of bacterial speck of tomato, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). From natural infected tomato leaves showing bacterial speck disease symptoms, six isolates of Pst (Pst1, Pst2, Pst 3, Pst4, Pst5, and Pst DC3000) were isolated, it proved to be pathogenic and able to infect tomato plants under greenhouse condition, causing speck disease symptoms. From the eighty eight isolates of endophytic actinomycetes recovered from healthy tomato leaves plants, nine isolates were selected and tested for their potential inhibition against bacterial tomato speck disease in vitro and in vivo. According to16SrDNA analysis the isolates TR-24 and TR-26 of isolated actinomyces proved to be Streptomyces glaucescens. While the isolates TR-20, TR-32 and TR-34 were identified as Streptomyces graminisoli and isolates TR-25 identified as Streptomyces flavovirens as well as isolates TR-33 and TR-35 were identified as Streptomyces scabies. Finally isolate TR-36 was identified as Streptomyces roseochromogenus. Application of nine isolates of Streptomyces by spraying or drenching methods, all Streptomyces isolates were able to reduce disease severity of bacterial speck compared to infected control. Minutely, the spore suspensions of TR-24 and TR-26 isolates gave the highest reduction of the disease severity. However, the lowest reduction was achieved by i
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5546_f4d2b41f35ce091653f844950dae8a7e.pdf
2017-10-01
112
128
10.21608/ajas.1999.5546
biological control
Bacterial speck
Tomato
endophytic actinomycetes
Streptomyces
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Some Protective Procedures in Integrated Pest Management Against the Surveyed Land Snails Species to Avoid Using of Pesticides in Orange Orchard at Tanta District, Gharbiya Governorate
During 2015 and 2016 land snail species were surveyed in orange orchard and some procedure protective, hand collection, service tree operation and distance setting attractive baited traps applied to late or reduce and avoid the chemical control against land snails in Tanta district Gharbiya Governorate. Eobania vermiculata, Monacha cartusiana and Theba pisanawere a dominant species on orange orchard and E. vermiculata recorded the highest density then T. pisana and M. cartusinna. Through spring E. vermiculata and T. pisana recorded the highest density and the lowest densities were in autumn, whereas density of M. cartusinna was highly through summer and recorded the lowest density in winter. Controlling this species by using setting attractive traps each 5 trees was more efficiency against three species, the population reductions were 55%, 51.3% and 48.9% to E. vermiculata, T. pisana and M. cartusinna than hand collection and service tree operation, (31.2% and 11.3%), (33% and 14.6%) and (29.7% and 13.4%) to each species, respectively. With applying their protective procedure consecutively the population reduced to 74.2%, 69.4 and 72 compared with using molluscicides metaldehyde bait 2% (73.2, 76.4 and 73.4 to each species respectively). So that can use this protective procedure consecutively through year as integrate pest management program against E. vermiculata, M. cartusi
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5547_0c2e41df3bdc7263fa7ba4e8ad3277ed.pdf
2017-10-01
129
136
10.21608/ajas.1999.5547
Integrated pest management
Survey
population density
Orange Orchard
Land snails
Eobania vermiculata
Monachacartusiana and Thebapisana
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of (Musa Cavendishii) CV. Dwarf Cavendish to Raets of Nitrogen
This study was carried out at a private farm at El-Makhemala, Abyan Governorate on 2-years old banana plants during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Afield experiment was conducted to study the effect of rates of nitrogen on the growth, yield and quality of Musa Cavendishii cv. Dwarf Cavendish.
The experiment design was a randomized complete block (RCBD) consisting of six treatments: 0,60,80,100,120,140 g N\plant and four repetition. The results indicated that the high test plant high and circumference of pseudo stem was observed at 120gN\plant, but the highest number of leaves per plant and leaf area was found at 140gN\plant. The maximum number of hands\bunch, number of fingers, bunch weight, fruit yield were reported at 140gN\plant and total soluble solid were recorded at 120gN\plant.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5548_cc4031c488e3d5d61afd9118569ff49b.pdf
2017-10-01
137
144
10.21608/ajas.2017.5548
nitrogen
fertilization
Musa
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Promoting Berries Colouration, Yield and Quality of Flame Seedless Grapevines by Using Amino Acids Enriched With Different Nutrients
This study was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons to examine the effect of spraying amino acids enriched with N,P,K,Mg,Zn,Fe,Mn and B on overcoming irregular berries colouration problem and improving both yield and quality of the berries in grapevines cv. Flame seedless grown under Minia Governorate dimatic conditions. Spraying was done three times.
Treating the vines three times with various nutrients besides amino acids at 0.1% was very effective in enhancing growth, vine nutritional status, berries colouration, yield and quality of the berries over the check treatment. Treating the vines with all nutrients (N,P,K,Mg,Zn,Fe,Mn and B) plus amino acids was superior than using nutrients alone in this respect. Using amino acids was essential for enhancing the efficiency of using nutrients.
For promoting berries colouration, yield and quality of the berries in Flame seedless grapevines grown under Minia Governorate dimatic condition, it is necessary to use a mixture of NPKMgZnFeMnB and amino acids at 0.1%.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5549_d32f1afaf799c27cefeb63ffbaacf053.pdf
2017-10-01
145
157
10.21608/ajas.2017.5549
Flame seedless grapevines
Nutrients
Amino acids
berries colouration
yield and berries quality
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Impact of Silicon on Growth and Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palms
This study was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%) and frequencies of application of (once, twice or thrice) potassium silicate on vegetative growth aspects and nutrients in the leaves as well as yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms. Randomized complete block design was adopted.
Treating the palms once, twice or thrice with potassium silicate at 0.05 to 0.2% had an announced effect on improving all growth traits, leaf chemical components, bunch weight, yield and fruit quality over the check treatment. The promotion on these parameters was in proportional to the increase in concentrations and frequencies of application. Meaningless improvement on these parameters was recorded among the higher two concentrations (0.1 & 0.2%) and frequencies of application (twice & thrice).
For improving yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms, it is necessary to spray the palms twice before hand pollination and again just after fruit setting with potassium silicate at 0.1%.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5550_f9a76ab01c8fba352644b32d0b01665e.pdf
2017-10-01
158
166
10.21608/ajas.2017.5550
Zaghloul date palms
silicon
Concentrations
frequencies of application
yield
fruit quality
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Role of Bio-fertilization in Improving the Growth and Fruiting of Thompson Seedless Grapevines
This study was conducted during 2015 & 2016 seasons, on 16 years old Thompson Seedless grapevines, grown on the experimental orchard of the Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University to study the effect of bio-fertilization (nitrobine or EM) on vegetative growth, nutrient status, and fruiting of Thompson Seedless grapevines. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized block design with five treatments and three replications one vine per each.
The obtained results could be summarized as follow:
Using the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) via 75 or 50% mineral plus 25 or 50% bio-form significantly increased, pruning wood weight, number of leaves/shoot and leaf area as well as leaf total chlorophyll and leaf nutrient composition compared to use RDN via mineral N fertilizer alone. No significant differences on these traits due to use RDN via 50% mineral plus either 12.5 or 37.5% of nitrobine or 37.5 or 12.5% effective microorganisms (EM) were noticed. All combined fertilization treatments significantly increased the yield and improved the cluster and berry traits compared to use RDN via mineral source only. It is evident from the forogoing results that double form 50% mineral plus either (37.5 and 12.5% nitrobine) or (12.5 or 37.5% EM) improved the vegetative growth, yield and berry quality. In addition, it minimized the production costs and reduced environmental pollution.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5551_9d2b8194a39f395a3573727f1b1b44b6.pdf
2017-10-01
167
177
10.21608/ajas.2017.5551
Bio-fertilizers
fruiting
berry quality
Grapevines
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Antioxidants, Growth Regulators and Yeast Spraying on Fruiting of Seewy Date Palms
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of spraying some growth regulators (CPPU at 15 ppm and GA3 at 100 ppm), some antioxidants (Amino acids at 0.50 g/L, citric acid at 500 ppm and ascorbic acid at 500 ppm) and active dry yeast at 10 g/L on yield and fruit quality of Seewy date palm during 2015 and 2016 seasons. The experiment was set up in a complete randomized block design with seven treatments and ten replicates, one bunch per each. Date palm were sprayed three times, at the 1st week of May, June and July.
Foliar application had a positive effect on yield and fruit quality of Seewy date palm. The best results were obtained with spraying GA3 at 100 ppm and CPPU at 15 ppm for increasing bunch weight, yield/palm, fruit weight, fruit length and diameter. On the other hand, spraying amino acids at 0.50 g/L and yeast at 10 g/L significantly increased TSS%, total sugars contents, and significantly decreased tannins %, total acidity % and fruit moisture content.
So, it can be concluded that spraying GA3 or CPPU combined with any amino acid, yeast, citric acid or ascorbic acid three time (1, 2 & 3 month of pollination time) increased the palm yield and improved the fruit quality of Seewy date palm.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5552_28750829db5e9a4bca685de5ce36c0ef.pdf
2017-10-01
178
186
10.21608/ajas.2017.5552
date palm
antioxidant
GA3
CPPU
yield
fruit quality
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of Spraying Algae Extract, Boron and Silicon Nutrients on Growth and Fruiting of Sewy Date Palm Under New Reclaimed Soils
This study was carried out during two consecutive seasons (2015 and 2016) on Sewy date palm cultivar grown in new reclaimed sandy soil at private orchard located at Al Assiuty valley, Assuit, Egypt. The effect of spraying algae extract, boron and silicon nutrients each alone or their combination on some vegetative growth characteristics, yield and some physical and chemical fruit traits were studied. The results showed that spraying algae extract, boron and silicon was very effective on enhancing vegetative growth characteristics, yield as will as some physical and chemical fruit properties. The promotion increased with increasing the concentration of algae extract an
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5553_47ec3abde3736f1f26c0893b4c66e936.pdf
2017-10-01
187
199
10.21608/ajas.1999.5553
Algae extract
Boron
silicon
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Some Natural Compounds Application on Vegetative Growth, Yield and Fruit Characteristics of Jojoba Shrubs
This study was carried out during 2014 and 2015 seasons in a private orchard of Jojoba located at Mout, El-Dakhla, New Valley Governorate to examine the effects of GA3 (25, 50 and 100 ppm), camphor oil (1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 cm3/L), effective microorganisms (EM1, 3, 6 and 9 cm3/L), glauconite compound (250 and 500 g/shrub) and a mixture of GA3 (50 ppm) with the afromentioned concentrations of camphor oil on vegetative growth, yield/shrub and Jojoba seed characteristics. The treatments were conducted at start of Jojoba blooming (the 1st application time), and the 2nd application was achieved 3 weeks after fruit set, except the glauconite was applied 3 weeks before Jojoba blooming. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates, 2 shrubs each.
According to the obtained results of this study, it could be deduced that all treatments improved the vegetative growth, yield and seed quality.
Concerning oil weight/100 seeds and oil % in seeds treatment with mixture of GA3 (50 ppm) and camphor oil (1.5 or 3.0 cm3/L) gave the best results during the two studied seasons. Therefore, for improving yield and seed quality it could be recommended spray jojoba a mixture of GA3 (50 ppm) plus camphor oil at 1.5 or 3.0 cm3/L under the condition of this study.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_5554_a02fe92bc3f3b871a9b979ed1fb17b53.pdf
2017-10-01
200
214
10.21608/ajas.2017.5554
GA3
Camphor oil
EM1
Glauconite
Jojoba shrub
yield
seed quality