eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
1
25
10.21608/ajas.2016.3728
3728
Original Article
Efficiency of Two Cycles of Pedigree Line Selection in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) under Late Sowing Date
کفاءة دورتین من الإنتخاب المنسب فى قمح الخبز خلال الزراعة المتأخرة
K. Khames
khaled.ahmed@agr.au.edu.eg
1
A. ahmed
atif@aun.edu.eg
2
A. Mahmoud
adelmm@aun.edu.eg
3
A. A.
a.hamada@aun.edu.eg
4
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric., Assiut Uni., Egypt
Agronomy Depart., Fac. of Agric. Assiut Univ.,
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric., Assiut Uni., Egypt
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric., Assiut Uni., Egypt
The current study aimed to assess the efficiency of two cycles of pedigree line selection in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) in late sowing date during four successive seasons from 2011/2012 to 2014/2015 at Fac. Agric. Farm, Assiut University, Egypt. The genetic materials were two segregating bread wheat populations i.e. Debeira x Sahel and Giza 165 x Sakha 93. The genotypic (gcv) and phenotypic (pcv) coefficients of variation for grain yield/plant decreased from 14.90 and 17.12 in base population (F4) to 3.98 and 6.16% after two cycles (F6) of selection in population I and from 21.93 and 22.65 (F4) to 2.68 and 8.85% (F6) in population II, respectively. The same trend could be found for correlated traits in both populations. Grain yield/plant and number of spikes/plant in the two populations showed low heritability after two cycles of selection compared to their values in base populations. After two cycles of pedigree line selection for grain yield/plant, selections mean in the F6 was 17.82 g for population I compared to their parents Debeira (15.83 g) and Sahel (11.94 g) as well as the bulk sample (13.38 g). Also, the selections of population II averaged 18.78 g compared to the less values of 12.41, 15.09 and 14.19 g for both parents Giza 165, Sakha 93 and the bulk sample; respectively. The selected families in the F6 surpassed the better parent and unselected bulk sample for number of spikes/plant, biological yield/plant, weight of spikes/plant, plant height, spike length and number of spikelets/spike. The observed direct responses of pedigree line selection for grain yield/plant (selection criterion) were 33.18 and 32.35; 12.57 and 24.45; and 36.58 and 28.39% over two cycles of selection as accounted from unselected bulk sample, better parent and mid parents in population I and II, respectively. The results revealed that the mean of family score for selection response (FSSR) over all selected F6 family of Model 1 recorded the highest value (34.57 and 36.19%), followed by Model 2 (31.50 and 33.12%) and Model 7 (29.52 and 31.12%) in population I and II, respectively. In general, the obtained results revealed that the direct pedigree line selection for grain yield/plant in wheat scaled to be powerful tool in late sowing date for improving the grain yield and be effective to get high yielding lines.
The current study aimed to assess the efficiency of two cycles of pedigree line selection in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) in late sowing date during four successive seasons from 2011/2012 to 2014/2015 at Fac. Agric. Farm, Assiut University, Egypt. The genetic materials were two segregating bread wheat populations i.e. Debeira x Sahel and Giza 165 x Sakha 93. The genotypic (gcv) and phenotypic (pcv) coefficients of variation for grain yield/plant decreased from 14.90 and 17.12 in base population (F4) to 3.98 and 6.16% after two cycles (F6) of selection in population I and from 21.93 and 22.65 (F4) to 2.68 and 8.85% (F6) in population II, respectively. The same trend could be found for correlated traits in both populations. Grain yield/plant and number of spikes/plant in the two populations showed low heritability after two cycles of selection compared to their values in base populations. After two cycles of pedigree line selection for grain yield/plant, selections mean in the F6 was 17.82 g for population I compared to their parents Debeira (15.83 g) and Sahel (11.94 g) as well as the bulk sample (13.38 g). Also, the selections of population II averaged 18.78 g compared to the less values of 12.41, 15.09 and 14.19 g for both parents Giza 165, Sakha 93 and the bulk sample; respectively. The selected families in the F6 surpassed the better parent and unselected bulk sample for number of spikes/plant, biological yield/plant, weight of spikes/plant, plant height, spike length and number of spikelets/spike. The observed direct responses of pedigree line selection for grain yield/plant (selection criterion) were 33.18 and 32.35; 12.57 and 24.45; and 36.58 and 28.39% over two cycles of selection as accounted from unselected bulk sample, better parent and mid parents in population I and II, respectively. The results revealed that the mean of family score for selection response (FSSR) over all selected F6 family of Model 1 recorded the highest value (34.57 and 36.19%), followed by Model 2 (31.50 and 33.12%) and Model 7 (29.52 and 31.12%) in population I and II, respectively. In general, the obtained results revealed that the direct pedigree line selection for grain yield/plant in wheat scaled to be powerful tool in late sowing date for improving the grain yield and be effective to get high yielding lines.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3728_a0153a339e7723b302dfdc0b775cf82b.pdf
Bread wheat
late farming
Efficiency
election
قمح الخبز- الزراعة المتأخرة-کفاءة
الإنتخاب
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
28
44
10.21608/ajas.2017.3729
3729
Original Article
Efficiency of Single Trait Selection for Improving Yield and Earliness in Varietal Maintenance of Giza 90 Egyptian Cotton
کفاءه الانتخاب لصفه واحده لتحسین المحصول والتبکیر والمحافظه على صنف القطن المصرى جیزه 90
E. emahdy
emahdy@aun.edu.eg
1
A. A.
a.hamada@aun.edu.eg
2
Y. EL-Hebbeeny
3
Y. EL-Kad
4
Assiut Univ. Fac. Agric
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric., Assiut Uni., Egypt
ARC, Cotton Res. Ins
ARC, Cotton Res. Ins.
The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Res. Sta. Sohag, Cotton Res. Inst., (ARC), during the three summer seasons of 2013 -2015. The basic materials were selfed seeds of 60 single plants selected from the breeding nursery of renewal and maintenance of Giza 90 (the same materials used for producing the nucleolus of G.90). The main objective of this work was to study the possibility of selection elite high yielding plants characterized by the same fiber properties of Giza 90. To attain this goal, single trait selection for lint yield, lint percentage and earliness was applied for two cycles. Average of the ten selected families indicated that selection for LY/P ranked the first and improved LY/P by 20.30% of the check strain followed by selection for days to first flower method (15.82%), and LY/P restricted by DFF (11.54%). Generally, single trait selection is an effective method to improve selection criterion. The observed genetic gain indicated that single trait selection resulted in several superior families significant out yielded the check strain and better in one or more of the three main fiber properties; fineness, strength and Upper Half Mean length. Therefore, the official method of maintaining and renewing Egyptian cotton varieties should be modified to allow selection for yield beside preserving fiber properties.
The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Res. Sta. Sohag, Cotton Res. Inst., (ARC), during the three summer seasons of 2013 -2015. The basic materials were selfed seeds of 60 single plants selected from the breeding nursery of renewal and maintenance of Giza 90 (the same materials used for producing the nucleolus of G.90). The main objective of this work was to study the possibility of selection elite high yielding plants characterized by the same fiber properties of Giza 90. To attain this goal, single trait selection for lint yield, lint percentage and earliness was applied for two cycles. Average of the ten selected families indicated that selection for LY/P ranked the first and improved LY/P by 20.30% of the check strain followed by selection for days to first flower method (15.82%), and LY/P restricted by DFF (11.54%). Generally, single trait selection is an effective method to improve selection criterion. The observed genetic gain indicated that single trait selection resulted in several superior families significant out yielded the check strain and better in one or more of the three main fiber properties; fineness, strength and Upper Half Mean length. Therefore, the official method of maintaining and renewing Egyptian cotton varieties should be modified to allow selection for yield beside preserving fiber properties.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3729_ff6402674ef43e63e30063f989fef0b0.pdf
Maintenance of Egyptian cotton
single trait selection
observed genetic gain
genotypic and phenotypic variation
heritability
الحفاظ على القطن المصري
واختيار سمة واحدة
الکسب الجيني الملحوظ
التباين الوراثي والمظهري
التوريث
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
45
58
10.21608/ajas.2016.3730
3730
Original Article
Efficiency of Single and Multiple Traits Selection for Yield and its Components in Varietal Maintenance of Giza 90 Egyptian Cotton Variety
کفاءه الانتخاب لصفه واحده وعده صفات للمحصول ومکوناته فى المحافظه على صنف القطن جیزه 90
A. A.
a.hamada@aun.edu.eg
1
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agric., Assiut Uni., Egypt
The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Res. Sta. Sohag, Cotton Res. Inst., (ARC), during the three summer seasons of 2013 -2015. The basic materials were selfed seeds of 60 single plants selected from the breeding nursery of renewal and maintenance of Giza 90 (the same materials used for producing the nucleolus of G.90). The main objective of this work was to study the possibility of selection elite high yielding plants characterized by the same fiber properties of Giza 90. To attain this goal, two cycles of selection for single trait selection for lint yield/plant and 14 selection indices (desired genetic gain index) were achieved. Average observed genetic gain of the ten selected families after two cycles of selection indicated that LY/P ranged from insignificant (16.57%) for index 2 (LY/P and BW) to 21.63% (P ≤0.01) for index 7 (NB/P and NS/B). Index 2 increased BW by 9.27% (p ≤ 0.05) and UHM length by 2.23%
(p ≤ 0.01). Index 7 showed significant genetic gain of 20.26, 21.63, 3.16, 5.44 and 2.785 for SCY/P, LY/P, SI, PI, and UHM length; respectively. Index 3 showed significant genetic gain of 19.71, 21.36, 3.61, 7.82, and 2.65% for SCY/P, LY/P, SI, PI and UHM length; respectively. Index 13 gave significant genetic gain of 18.46, 20.55 and 5.76% for SCY/P, LY/P and PI; respectively. Single trait selection for LY/P showed significant genetic gain of 19.75, 20.30 and 14.01% for SCY/P, LY/P and NB/P; respectively. The results indicated that selection index was better than single trait selection in detecting the superior families in LY/P. Generally, it could be concluded that the present program for maintenance and renewing Egyptian cotton varieties is a precise and perfect program to preserve the fiber quality, but, not suitable for improving yielding ability. In consequence, this program should be modified to allow the isolation of superior high yielding off types from the breeding nursery characterized by improvement in one or more fiber quality.
The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Res. Sta. Sohag, Cotton Res. Inst., (ARC), during the three summer seasons of 2013 -2015. The basic materials were selfed seeds of 60 single plants selected from the breeding nursery of renewal and maintenance of Giza 90 (the same materials used for producing the nucleolus of G.90). The main objective of this work was to study the possibility of selection elite high yielding plants characterized by the same fiber properties of Giza 90. To attain this goal, two cycles of selection for single trait selection for lint yield/plant and 14 selection indices (desired genetic gain index) were achieved. Average observed genetic gain of the ten selected families after two cycles of selection indicated that LY/P ranged from insignificant (16.57%) for index 2 (LY/P and BW) to 21.63% (P ≤0.01) for index 7 (NB/P and NS/B). Index 2 increased BW by 9.27% (p ≤ 0.05) and UHM length by 2.23%
(p ≤ 0.01). Index 7 showed significant genetic gain of 20.26, 21.63, 3.16, 5.44 and 2.785 for SCY/P, LY/P, SI, PI, and UHM length; respectively. Index 3 showed significant genetic gain of 19.71, 21.36, 3.61, 7.82, and 2.65% for SCY/P, LY/P, SI, PI and UHM length; respectively. Index 13 gave significant genetic gain of 18.46, 20.55 and 5.76% for SCY/P, LY/P and PI; respectively. Single trait selection for LY/P showed significant genetic gain of 19.75, 20.30 and 14.01% for SCY/P, LY/P and NB/P; respectively. The results indicated that selection index was better than single trait selection in detecting the superior families in LY/P. Generally, it could be concluded that the present program for maintenance and renewing Egyptian cotton varieties is a precise and perfect program to preserve the fiber quality, but, not suitable for improving yielding ability. In consequence, this program should be modified to allow the isolation of superior high yielding off types from the breeding nursery characterized by improvement in one or more fiber quality.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3730_592a13281e92743b4a8a23c69356225f.pdf
Maintenance of Egyptian cotton
multiple traits selection
observed genetic gain
heritability
الحفاظ على القطن المصري
واختيار الصفات متعددة
لوحظ کسب وراثي
وراثة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
10.21608/ajas.1999.3731
3731
Original Article
Influence of Beta-Cyclodextrin Supplementation on Saidi Sheep Carcass Characteristics
This study examined the effect of dietary β-cyclodextrin (βCD) on carcass characteristics of sheep. Twenty four clinical
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3731_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
10.21608/ajas.1999.3732
3732
Original Article
Characteristics of Yoghurt Fortified With Black Cumin Honey
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of some bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, antioxidants, organic acids, carotenoids, and vitamins of black cumin honey at different concentrations 5,10 and 15% on activity of lactic acid bacteria during fermentation as well as, total plate counts, aerobic& anaerobic bacteria, Str. thermophillus, Lb. bulgaricus, Coliform, yeasts and molds counts affecting the prolongation of the yoghurt shelf life till second week of storage at 6 ±2°C. Yoghurt (made by traditional yoghurt culture) were held at 6±2°C for 14 days. The titratable acidity and total solids of yoghurt w
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3732_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
80
97
10.21608/ajas.2016.3733
3733
Original Article
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Quality and Composition of Sakkoty Date Fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L.) During Storage
تأثیر التشعیع الجامى على جودة وترکیب ثمار البلح السکوتى أثناء التخزین
This study was carried out to improve the quality and the shelf-life of Sakkoty date variety during storage period at room temperature using gamma irradiation doses of 0, 1, 2 and 4Kilo Gray (KGy). The effect of radiation treatments on the quality and composition of samples were evaluated at 0, 4, 8 and 12 months of storage. Results showed that the irradiated fruits with 4KGy are more effective for controlling the insect infestation (3.22%) followed by the irradiated date sample with 2KGy (6.00%) and 1KGy (6.45%). While, the control sample recorded 24.25% at the end of storage period. The moisture content of the control date sample decreased from 11.64 to 8.33% at the end of storage while it was decreased from 11.94 to 8.04%, from 11.89 to 8.35% and from 11.61 to 8.28% for the irradiated fruits by 1, 2 and 4KGy, respectively. However, the content of all sugars immediately decreased after irradiation, while it were increased gradually with increasing the storage time. Data revealed that the total bacterial counts immediately decreased after irradiation to a great extent, compared with the reduction in molds and yeasts. Beside, the microbial flora in all used doses were remained at a low count until the end of storage period. The irradiated sample with 4KGy had the lowest microbial counts, followed by the irradiated samples by 2 and 1KGy, respectively. The organoleptic evaluation showed that the panelists can not discriminate between the non-irradiated and irradiated date fruits. Furthermore, all the studied doses have no detectable adverse effect on the preference rating of the fruits. The irradiated sample with 1KGy was occupied the first rank in overall acceptability of sensory evaluation followed by the irradiated samples with 2KGy and with 4KGy. These results suggest that the packing irradiated fruits by 1, 2 and 4KGy of Sakkoty date fruit can be used as alternative method for improving the fruit quality, as well as prolonging its marketable period at room temperature for 12 months.
This study was carried out to improve the quality and the shelf-life of Sakkoty date variety during storage period at room temperature using gamma irradiation doses of 0, 1, 2 and 4Kilo Gray (KGy). The effect of radiation treatments on the quality and composition of samples were evaluated at 0, 4, 8 and 12 months of storage. Results showed that the irradiated fruits with 4KGy are more effective for controlling the insect infestation (3.22%) followed by the irradiated date sample with 2KGy (6.00%) and 1KGy (6.45%). While, the control sample recorded 24.25% at the end of storage period. The moisture content of the control date sample decreased from 11.64 to 8.33% at the end of storage while it was decreased from 11.94 to 8.04%, from 11.89 to 8.35% and from 11.61 to 8.28% for the irradiated fruits by 1, 2 and 4KGy, respectively. However, the content of all sugars immediately decreased after irradiation, while it were increased gradually with increasing the storage time. Data revealed that the total bacterial counts immediately decreased after irradiation to a great extent, compared with the reduction in molds and yeasts. Beside, the microbial flora in all used doses were remained at a low count until the end of storage period. The irradiated sample with 4KGy had the lowest microbial counts, followed by the irradiated samples by 2 and 1KGy, respectively. The organoleptic evaluation showed that the panelists can not discriminate between the non-irradiated and irradiated date fruits. Furthermore, all the studied doses have no detectable adverse effect on the preference rating of the fruits. The irradiated sample with 1KGy was occupied the first rank in overall acceptability of sensory evaluation followed by the irradiated samples with 2KGy and with 4KGy. These results suggest that the packing irradiated fruits by 1, 2 and 4KGy of Sakkoty date fruit can be used as alternative method for improving the fruit quality, as well as prolonging its marketable period at room temperature for 12 months.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3733_dd0f3400ce53df97fe02cd24b2fb15ad.pdf
Sakkoty date
Storage
Irradiation
Kilo Gray (KGy)
Chemical composition
physical characteristics
microbial counts
تاريخ ساکوتي
تخزين
تشعيع
کيلو رمادي (کغي)
الترکيب الکيميائي
الخصائص الفيزيائية
التعداد الميکروبي
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
10.21608/ajas.1999.3734
3734
Original Article
Study of Genetic Diversity using Morphological Traits and Target Region Amplified Polymorphism (TRAP) Marker in wheat
This research was conducted to study the genetic variation among Seventy thre
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3734_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
10.21608/ajas.1999.3735
3735
Original Article
Genetic Analysis and Detection Molecular Markers for Response to Anther Culture in Wheat (Triticumaestivum L.)
The joint scalling test was employed to study the genetic system controlling anther culture response in wheat; the six generations were derived from the cross between the two highly responsive genotypes ICR-DH and ICR-33 with the non-responsive genotype Gimmeiza-7. The results indicated that highly significant differences between the six entries in two crosses for percentage callus formation and number of green plants/100 anthers. None of the F1’s exceeded its high parent in percentage callus formation. While, heterosis for the high number of green plants was observed in cross-1. The additive-dominance model was adequate for percenta
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3735_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
139
154
10.21608/ajas.2016.3736
3736
Original Article
Effect of Compost, Ascorbic Acid and Salicylic Acid Treatments on Growth, Yield and Oil Production of Fennel Plant
تأثیر معاملات الکمبوست وحامض الأسکوربیک وحامض السالسیلیک علی النمو والمحصول وانتاج الزیت لنبات الشمر
The present work was conducted during the two successive seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 to determine the effect of organic fertilization, foliar spray with ascorbic acid and salicylic acid as well as their interactions on growth, yield and oil production of fennel. Organic fertilizer was plant compost at 0, 8, 16 and 24 m3/fed. The plants were sprayed with ascorbic acid and salicylic acid each at 0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm. The revealed results indicated that utilizing organic manure increased herb dry weight/plant, number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and yield/fed. Volatile oil % and volatile oil yield/plant and per fed. The highest values of such parameters were obtained by adding compost at the high level (24 m3/fed.). In most cases, spraying fennel plants with ascorbic acid or salicylic acid improved plant growth, fruit yield and oil production. Foliar spray with ascorbic acid at 100 ppm gave the maximum values of herb dry weight, fruit yield and volatile oil yield. The highest values of umbel number/plant were occurred by using ascorbic acid at 200 ppm in the first season and salicylic acid at 100 ppm in the second one. The application of ascorbic acid at 200 ppm registered the maximum values of volatile oil %. With regard to the interaction, the most of combined treatments showed a significant increase in all examined characters. The addition of compost at the high level (24 m3/fed.) plus 100 ppm ascorbic acid gave the highest values of herb dry weight, number of umbels/plant, fruit yield and volatile oil yield. While, the use of compost at the high level in combination with 200 ppm ascorbic acid recorded the maximum values of volatile oil %. From the obtained results, it could be recommended, to supply fennel plants with plant compost at 24 m3/fed in combination with foliar spray with ascorbic acid at 100 ppm to obtain better growth, high yield of fruit and volatile oil under this investigation conditions
The present work was conducted during the two successive seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 to determine the effect of organic fertilization, foliar spray with ascorbic acid and salicylic acid as well as their interactions on growth, yield and oil production of fennel. Organic fertilizer was plant compost at 0, 8, 16 and 24 m3/fed. The plants were sprayed with ascorbic acid and salicylic acid each at 0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm. The revealed results indicated that utilizing organic manure increased herb dry weight/plant, number of umbels/plant, fruit yield/plant and yield/fed. Volatile oil % and volatile oil yield/plant and per fed. The highest values of such parameters were obtained by adding compost at the high level (24 m3/fed.). In most cases, spraying fennel plants with ascorbic acid or salicylic acid improved plant growth, fruit yield and oil production. Foliar spray with ascorbic acid at 100 ppm gave the maximum values of herb dry weight, fruit yield and volatile oil yield. The highest values of umbel number/plant were occurred by using ascorbic acid at 200 ppm in the first season and salicylic acid at 100 ppm in the second one. The application of ascorbic acid at 200 ppm registered the maximum values of volatile oil %. With regard to the interaction, the most of combined treatments showed a significant increase in all examined characters. The addition of compost at the high level (24 m3/fed.) plus 100 ppm ascorbic acid gave the highest values of herb dry weight, number of umbels/plant, fruit yield and volatile oil yield. While, the use of compost at the high level in combination with 200 ppm ascorbic acid recorded the maximum values of volatile oil %. From the obtained results, it could be recommended, to supply fennel plants with plant compost at 24 m3/fed in combination with foliar spray with ascorbic acid at 100 ppm to obtain better growth, high yield of fruit and volatile oil under this investigation conditions
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3736_d6a0ace225079fe0365e7e618a10b1b6.pdf
compost
ascorbic acid
Salicylic acid
fennel plant
oil production
Growth
الکمبوست-حامض الأسکوربيک-حامض السالسيليک-نبات الشمر-انتاج الزيت- النمو
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
155
162
10.21608/ajas.2016.3737
3737
Original Article
Application of Tissue Culture Technique Integrated with Thermotherapy, Plant Extracts and Fungal Culture Filtrates for Controlling Certain Potato Viruses
تطبیق استعمال المعاملات الحراریة والمستخلصات النباتیة والراشحات الفطریة فی تنقیة زراعة الأنسجة لمقاومة بعض الأمراض الفیروسیة التی تصیب محصول البطاطس
Plant diseases caused by insect-transmitted viruses are among the most serious potato production problem. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Potato virus Y (PVY) consider among the most common viruses greatly infecting potato crop in Assiut governorate and result in a serious losses in potato production as well as reduction of potato quality. Results revealed that using meristem culture technique alone was not sufficient to produce virus free potato plantlets, but when this technique integrated with thermotherapy it proved high efficiency to eradicate the viral agents.Also, aqueous plant extract of Barnoof (Pluchea discorodis) in the nutrient media used in meristem culture technique (Murashige and Skoog) could be useful to increase the efficiency of this technique to produce virus free plantlets.
Culture filtrates of Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus L. or entomopathogenic fungus Ascosphaera apis have an inhibitory effects against Alfalfa mosaic virus and using these culture filtrates either separately or simultaneously resulted in significant reduction of local lesions produced in indicator plants Chenopodium sp.
Plant diseases caused by insect-transmitted viruses are among the most serious potato production problem. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Potato virus Y (PVY) consider among the most common viruses greatly infecting potato crop in Assiut governorate and result in a serious losses in potato production as well as reduction of potato quality. Results revealed that using meristem culture technique alone was not sufficient to produce virus free potato plantlets, but when this technique integrated with thermotherapy it proved high efficiency to eradicate the viral agents.Also, aqueous plant extract of Barnoof (Pluchea discorodis) in the nutrient media used in meristem culture technique (Murashige and Skoog) could be useful to increase the efficiency of this technique to produce virus free plantlets.
Culture filtrates of Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus L. or entomopathogenic fungus Ascosphaera apis have an inhibitory effects against Alfalfa mosaic virus and using these culture filtrates either separately or simultaneously resulted in significant reduction of local lesions produced in indicator plants Chenopodium sp.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3737_64895ef58ad5c4d738a9d9faab817559.pdf
: Alfalfa mosaic virus
Potato virus Y
potato
فيروس الفصفصة الفسيفساء
البطاطا فيروس Y
البطاطا
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
163
172
10.21608/ajas.2016.3738
3738
Original Article
Temperature Effects on Some Life Table Parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
تاثیر درجات الحرارة على بعض مقاییس جداول الحیاة لأکاروس العنکبوت الأحمر
Some life table statistics of the two spotted spider mite, T. urticae was evaluated under constant temperatures of 25º and 30ºC. Development and reproductive potential of the mite was also studied. The development time of the immature stages was 11.85±0.31 days at 25º and 8.84±0.24 days at 30ºC. The calculated time needed for the development decreased with the increase in temperature. The longest period was recorded at 25ºC but the shortest was revealed at 30ºC. The calculated developmental threshold (t0) of the whole immature stages was estimated as 10.32ºC. The thermal units needed for the development from egg to adult were 173.97 day-degrees. The generation time (GT) was 18.31 and 12.19 days, reproductive potential (R0) was 51.47 and 28.50 individuals / female, population doubling time (DT) was 3.22 and 2.52 days, intrinsic (rm) was 0.2152 and 0.2748 and finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.2401 and 1.3163 at 25 and 30ºC, respectively. Based on the obtained data, temperature of 25°C was the most suitable temperature for the development and reproduction of spider mite.
Some life table statistics of the two spotted spider mite, T. urticae was evaluated under constant temperatures of 25º and 30ºC. Development and reproductive potential of the mite was also studied. The development time of the immature stages was 11.85±0.31 days at 25º and 8.84±0.24 days at 30ºC. The calculated time needed for the development decreased with the increase in temperature. The longest period was recorded at 25ºC but the shortest was revealed at 30ºC. The calculated developmental threshold (t0) of the whole immature stages was estimated as 10.32ºC. The thermal units needed for the development from egg to adult were 173.97 day-degrees. The generation time (GT) was 18.31 and 12.19 days, reproductive potential (R0) was 51.47 and 28.50 individuals / female, population doubling time (DT) was 3.22 and 2.52 days, intrinsic (rm) was 0.2152 and 0.2748 and finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.2401 and 1.3163 at 25 and 30ºC, respectively. Based on the obtained data, temperature of 25°C was the most suitable temperature for the development and reproduction of spider mite.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3738_aa95b50fe15754b3634b5b6117a6c243.pdf
Tetranychus urticae
Development
temperatures
life table parameters
اکاروس العنکبوت الأحمر
جداول الحياة
تاثير درجات الحرارة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
173
181
10.21608/ajas.2016.3739
3739
Original Article
Phytophagous and Predatory Mites Inhabiting Citrus Trees in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt
الحلم الضار والمفترس القاطن لأشجار الموالح فی محافظة أسیوط، مصر العلیا
Mites play an important role in citrus production whether as pests or beneficial predators. Based on published works, about 149 identified mite species representing 39 families were previously reported from citrus orchards in Egypt. Field surveys were conducted fortnightly from October 2014 to February 2016 in twenty-eight citrus orchards of eight districts in Assiut Governorate, Egypt to determine the species composition of phytophagous and predatory mites. Also, the incidence and distribution of the most important species were reported. Samples were taken from plant leaves, buds and fruits. The citrus brown mite, Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein, 1936) (Tetranychidae), the red and black flat mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Tenuipalpidae) and the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks, 1904) (Tarsonemidae) seemed to be the most common phytophagous species found in citrus orchards. Several predatory mite species of numerous families were also recorded, of these, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962; Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) pyri Scheuten, 1857 (Phytoseiidae) and Agistemus exsertus González-Rodríguez, 1963 (Stigmaeidae) were found to be the most abundant predatory species inhabiting the leaves of mandarin, lime and orange, while Cheletogenes ornatus (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876) and Hemicheyletia bakeri (Ehara, 1962) (Cheyletidae) were observed mostly on the fruits. Quantifying the presence of various predatory species inhabiting citrus trees will be an important step for pest mites control. In subsequent studies these predators can be used in biological control programs
Mites play an important role in citrus production whether as pests or beneficial predators. Based on published works, about 149 identified mite species representing 39 families were previously reported from citrus orchards in Egypt. Field surveys were conducted fortnightly from October 2014 to February 2016 in twenty-eight citrus orchards of eight districts in Assiut Governorate, Egypt to determine the species composition of phytophagous and predatory mites. Also, the incidence and distribution of the most important species were reported. Samples were taken from plant leaves, buds and fruits. The citrus brown mite, Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein, 1936) (Tetranychidae), the red and black flat mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Tenuipalpidae) and the broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks, 1904) (Tarsonemidae) seemed to be the most common phytophagous species found in citrus orchards. Several predatory mite species of numerous families were also recorded, of these, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, 1962; Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) pyri Scheuten, 1857 (Phytoseiidae) and Agistemus exsertus González-Rodríguez, 1963 (Stigmaeidae) were found to be the most abundant predatory species inhabiting the leaves of mandarin, lime and orange, while Cheletogenes ornatus (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876) and Hemicheyletia bakeri (Ehara, 1962) (Cheyletidae) were observed mostly on the fruits. Quantifying the presence of various predatory species inhabiting citrus trees will be an important step for pest mites control. In subsequent studies these predators can be used in biological control programs
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3739_01a8aed3b806a8657205f447c347a7a3.pdf
Mites
citrus
Egypt
diversity
Phytoseiidae
مصر-اسيوط-اشجار الوالح-الحلم الضار
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
182
190
10.21608/ajas.2016.3740
3740
Original Article
Two New Species of Histiostoma Kramer and Caloglyphus Berlese (Acari: Acaridida) from Citrus Orchards in Assiut, Egypt
نوعان جدیدان من الحلم تابعة لجنسی Histiostoma وCaloglyphus
(الأکاروسات:عدیمة الثغور التنفسیة) من بساتین الموالح فی أسیوط، مصر
On the occurrence of mite species affiliated to the Acaridida in Egypt is still far below the taxa discovered in other countries despite the description of many species and few genera especially in Upper Egypt. The current study focused on describing two new species pertaining to the families Acaridae (Caloglyphus citri n. sp.) and Histiostomatidae (Histiostoma herbali n. sp.) described herein as hypopi (heteromorphic deutonymphs) from soil and bermuda grass in citrus orchards in Assiut, Egypt.
On the occurrence of mite species affiliated to the Acaridida in Egypt is still far below the taxa discovered in other countries despite the description of many species and few genera especially in Upper Egypt. The current study focused on describing two new species pertaining to the families Acaridae (Caloglyphus citri n. sp.) and Histiostomatidae (Histiostoma herbali n. sp.) described herein as hypopi (heteromorphic deutonymphs) from soil and bermuda grass in citrus orchards in Assiut, Egypt.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3740_d66bd3d9f2d092fbd4020aac94eda21c.pdf
: Acari
Acaridida
Histiostomatidae
Acaridae
Caloglyphus
Histiostoma
citrus
Egypt
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
191
201
10.21608/ajas.2016.3741
3741
Original Article
Effect of Yeast and Bio-power on Growth and Fruiting of Flame Seedless Grapevines
تأثیر رش الخمیرة والمنشط الحیوی علی نمو وإثمار کروم العنب الفلیم عدیم البذور
This investigation was carried out during 2015 & 2016 seasons, at Afak farm located at Balat district, New Valley Governorate. To study the effect of yeast and bio-power vegetative growth, nutrient status, and fruiting of Flame Seedless grapevines. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications consisting of two vines per each.
The obtained results could be summarized as follow:
Using the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) via 25% mineral plus 75% bio-form significantly increased the number of leaves/shoot and leaf area as well as leaf nutrient composition compared to use RDN via mineral N fertilizer alone. No significant differences on these traits due to use RDN via bio-form plus either 75 or 50% mineral-N. Also, no significant differences on shoot length due to use the double or triple form of fertilization compared to use mineral-N only. All combined fertilization treatments significantly increased the yield and improved the cluster and berry traits compared to use RDN via mineral source only.
It is evident from the foregoing results that double form (50% plus 50% yeast or bio-power) or triple form of fertilization (25% m + 25 or 50% yeast plus 50 or 25% bio-power) improved the vegetative growth, yield and berry quality. In addition, it minimized the production costs and environmental pollution
This investigation was carried out during 2015 & 2016 seasons, at Afak farm located at Balat district, New Valley Governorate. To study the effect of yeast and bio-power vegetative growth, nutrient status, and fruiting of Flame Seedless grapevines. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications consisting of two vines per each.
The obtained results could be summarized as follow:
Using the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) via 25% mineral plus 75% bio-form significantly increased the number of leaves/shoot and leaf area as well as leaf nutrient composition compared to use RDN via mineral N fertilizer alone. No significant differences on these traits due to use RDN via bio-form plus either 75 or 50% mineral-N. Also, no significant differences on shoot length due to use the double or triple form of fertilization compared to use mineral-N only. All combined fertilization treatments significantly increased the yield and improved the cluster and berry traits compared to use RDN via mineral source only.
It is evident from the foregoing results that double form (50% plus 50% yeast or bio-power) or triple form of fertilization (25% m + 25 or 50% yeast plus 50 or 25% bio-power) improved the vegetative growth, yield and berry quality. In addition, it minimized the production costs and environmental pollution
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3741_da49da9eb4d9c58ac020a648df98e339.pdf
Bio-fertilizers
yield
berry quality
environmental pollution
الأسمدة الحيوية
الغلة
جودة التوت
التلوث البيئي
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
202
2013
10.21608/ajas.2016.3742
3742
Original Article
Effect of Different Potassium Fertilizer Sources on Growth and Fruiting of Balady Mandarin Trees
تأثیر استخدام مصادر مختلفة من الأسمدة البوتاسیة علی نمو وإثمار أشجار الیوسفی البلدی
This investigation was carried out at the experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of slow release (feldspar), organic (vinasse) fertilizer and biofertilizer (yeast & potassiumage) on growth, nutritional status and fruiting of Balady mandarin trees during 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons.
Potassium sulphate and potassium thiosulpahte were added at two equal batches on mid of April and July. Yeast, potassiumage and feldspar were applied once on March. Vinasse adding as soil dressing on mid of March and July, whereas, vinasse spraying was applied three times on mid of March, June and August.
The obtained results were summarize as follow:
Using vinasse or feldspar alone or combined with yeast or potassiumage as source of potassium significantly increased the growth and leaf traits compared to fertilize by potassium sulphate (check treatment). Using vinasse spraying or feldspar plus yeast gave the highest growth traits values, whereas potassium thiosulphate spraying 36% and untreated trees recorded the least one.
The maximum C/N ratio of shoots were recorded in shoots of trees that fertilized by feldspar with yeast followed by vinasse and feldspar with potassiumage in descending order.
The maximum yield/tree were recorded on the trees treated with feldspar plus yeast followed by vinasse spraying. Contrarly, spraying potassium thiosulphate 36% and potassium sulphate (check treatment) gave the minimum fruit retention, number of fruit and yield/tree values.
It is evident from the foregoing results that using feldspar alone or plus bio-fertilizer as well as vinasse improved the growth, nutritional status and fruiting of mandarin trees.
In addition, they are beneficial in the organic farming production. Such method reduces the cost of production as well as environmental pollution problems (chemical fertilizer and industrial wastes).
This investigation was carried out at the experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, to study the effect of slow release (feldspar), organic (vinasse) fertilizer and biofertilizer (yeast & potassiumage) on growth, nutritional status and fruiting of Balady mandarin trees during 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons.
Potassium sulphate and potassium thiosulpahte were added at two equal batches on mid of April and July. Yeast, potassiumage and feldspar were applied once on March. Vinasse adding as soil dressing on mid of March and July, whereas, vinasse spraying was applied three times on mid of March, June and August.
The obtained results were summarize as follow:
Using vinasse or feldspar alone or combined with yeast or potassiumage as source of potassium significantly increased the growth and leaf traits compared to fertilize by potassium sulphate (check treatment). Using vinasse spraying or feldspar plus yeast gave the highest growth traits values, whereas potassium thiosulphate spraying 36% and untreated trees recorded the least one.
The maximum C/N ratio of shoots were recorded in shoots of trees that fertilized by feldspar with yeast followed by vinasse and feldspar with potassiumage in descending order.
The maximum yield/tree were recorded on the trees treated with feldspar plus yeast followed by vinasse spraying. Contrarly, spraying potassium thiosulphate 36% and potassium sulphate (check treatment) gave the minimum fruit retention, number of fruit and yield/tree values.
It is evident from the foregoing results that using feldspar alone or plus bio-fertilizer as well as vinasse improved the growth, nutritional status and fruiting of mandarin trees.
In addition, they are beneficial in the organic farming production. Such method reduces the cost of production as well as environmental pollution problems (chemical fertilizer and industrial wastes).
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3742_1fdee5fd22f10eeaf3ae2e0a9fdb4c27.pdf
bio-fertilization
feldspar
Potassiumage
Balady mandarin
Nutrient status
yield
fruit quality
التسميد الحيوي
الفلسبار
بوتاسيوم
اليوسفي البلدى
حالة المغذيات
العائد
جودة الفاکهة-
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
214
228
10.21608/ajas.2016.3743
3743
Original Article
Available Potassium Evaluation of Gharb El-Mawhoob Soils,
تقیم البوتاسیوم المیسر فی أراضی غرب الموهوب, واحة الداخلة- مصر
In Garb El-Mawhob area, northwest of El-Dakhla Oasis, New Valley governorate, Egypt, nine transects (≈ 5km away between two consecutive ones) containing 17 soil sites were designated to evaluate the available potassium (K)and its relation with some soil properties. Surface (0-30) and subsurface (30-60) soil samples were collected from each profile, air-dried, ground, sieved and then, kept for some physical and chemical analyses.
The obtained results indicated that about 56, 65 and 41% of the total soil samples contained sand, silt and clay respectively of more than 60, 10 and 30%, respectively. The saturation percentage (SP) varied from 25 to 110% and increased whenever the clay or organic matter content increased. The organic matter content differed from 0.01 to 2.48 % and decreased with soil depth. The CaCO3 content of these soils varied from 2.20 to 59.24%. The pH values ranged from 7.44 to 8.03.The electrical conductivity of the soil paste extract (ECe) differed from 0.71 to 171.30 dS/ m with an average value of 20.33dS/ m. The soluble anions could be arranged in the descending order of Cl> SO4 > HCO3. The soluble cations could be arranged in the descending order of Na >Ca> Mg > K. The sodium adsorption ratio of the soil paste extract (SARe) ranged from 0.31 to 85.20. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values ranged from 6.58 to 62.56 cmol(+)/ kg with a mean value of 29.44 cmol(+)/ kg and it increased with soil depth.
The available K ranged from 148.98 to 944.12 mg/ kg with an average value of 451.81 mg/ kg. About 47.06% of the studied soil samples contained a very high level of available K (> 450 mg/ kg),20.56% had a high K level (251-450 mg/ kg), 29.41% showed a moderate K level (151-250 mg/kg) and only 2.94% exhibited a low K level (86-150 mg/ kg). The available K was found to be positively correlated to silt content, clay content, SP, ECe, SARe and CEC as well as soluble Na, Mg, HCO3 and SO4. However, it was negatively correlated to both sand and CaCO3 contents.
In Garb El-Mawhob area, northwest of El-Dakhla Oasis, New Valley governorate, Egypt, nine transects (≈ 5km away between two consecutive ones) containing 17 soil sites were designated to evaluate the available potassium (K)and its relation with some soil properties. Surface (0-30) and subsurface (30-60) soil samples were collected from each profile, air-dried, ground, sieved and then, kept for some physical and chemical analyses.
The obtained results indicated that about 56, 65 and 41% of the total soil samples contained sand, silt and clay respectively of more than 60, 10 and 30%, respectively. The saturation percentage (SP) varied from 25 to 110% and increased whenever the clay or organic matter content increased. The organic matter content differed from 0.01 to 2.48 % and decreased with soil depth. The CaCO3 content of these soils varied from 2.20 to 59.24%. The pH values ranged from 7.44 to 8.03.The electrical conductivity of the soil paste extract (ECe) differed from 0.71 to 171.30 dS/ m with an average value of 20.33dS/ m. The soluble anions could be arranged in the descending order of Cl> SO4 > HCO3. The soluble cations could be arranged in the descending order of Na >Ca> Mg > K. The sodium adsorption ratio of the soil paste extract (SARe) ranged from 0.31 to 85.20. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values ranged from 6.58 to 62.56 cmol(+)/ kg with a mean value of 29.44 cmol(+)/ kg and it increased with soil depth.
The available K ranged from 148.98 to 944.12 mg/ kg with an average value of 451.81 mg/ kg. About 47.06% of the studied soil samples contained a very high level of available K (> 450 mg/ kg),20.56% had a high K level (251-450 mg/ kg), 29.41% showed a moderate K level (151-250 mg/kg) and only 2.94% exhibited a low K level (86-150 mg/ kg). The available K was found to be positively correlated to silt content, clay content, SP, ECe, SARe and CEC as well as soluble Na, Mg, HCO3 and SO4. However, it was negatively correlated to both sand and CaCO3 contents.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3743_40c45e9b192f7232ed14ee2cb670397f.pdf
available potassium
soil physical-chemical properties
Gharb El-Mawhoob
El-Dakhla Oasis
Egypt
متوفر البوتاسيوم
الخصائص الفيزيائية والکيميائية للتربة
غرب الموهوب
واحة الداخلة
مصر
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
229
250
10.21608/ajas.2016.3744
3744
Original Article
Use of Some Organic and Bio Fertilizers as a Partial Substitution of the Mineral Nitrogen Fertilization for Corn
استخدام بعض الأسمدة العضویة والحیویة کإحلال جزئی للتسمید النیتروجینی المعدنی للذرة
, Sohag Governorate, during each of the two successive summer seasons 2014 and 2015 to study the effects of organic and bio fertilizers as a partial substitution of the mineral nitrogen fertilization and their effects on yield, (N,P and K uptake) and protein content in grains for the TWC 310 maize cultivar. The used soil was clay loam in texture, having pH 7.7, O.M 1.27%. The experiments were laid down in split-split plot design with four replications. The experiments included 27 treatments, which were the combination of 3 nitrogen levels (60,90 and 120 kg N fed-1), 3 treatments of organic and bio fertilizer (without organic and bio fertilizer, 10m3 FYM fed-1 and microbein inoculume) and 3 treatments of humic acid (water spraying, humic and fulvic acid spraying) at a rate (2% v/v) at two times (30 and 45 days from planting). The obtained results revealed that a significant and gradual increase in grain yield, N, P and K uptake and protein content were found by increasing nitrogen fertilizer levels from 60 to 120 kg N fed-1 during the two seasons of the study. The results also revealed significant improvements in grain yield and N, P and K uptake and protein content due to the applications of farm yard manure or (Microbein) compared with the control (without organic and bio fertilizers) in both seasons. The effect of spraying humic acid was significant for all studied traits. The interaction effects of all factors under study were significant for all studied traits. The highest values in grain yield were (29.078 and 28.735 ard. fed-1) and were obtained by adding 90 kg N fed-1. combined with 10m3 FYM fed-1. and sprayed with F.A during 2014 and 2015 seasons respectively. It can be recommended that the possibility to minimize the application of chemical fertilizer and in the same time increasing maize production in quantity and quality was true by adding organic and/or bio fertilizers.
, Sohag Governorate, during each of the two successive summer seasons 2014 and 2015 to study the effects of organic and bio fertilizers as a partial substitution of the mineral nitrogen fertilization and their effects on yield, (N,P and K uptake) and protein content in grains for the TWC 310 maize cultivar. The used soil was clay loam in texture, having pH 7.7, O.M 1.27%. The experiments were laid down in split-split plot design with four replications. The experiments included 27 treatments, which were the combination of 3 nitrogen levels (60,90 and 120 kg N fed-1), 3 treatments of organic and bio fertilizer (without organic and bio fertilizer, 10m3 FYM fed-1 and microbein inoculume) and 3 treatments of humic acid (water spraying, humic and fulvic acid spraying) at a rate (2% v/v) at two times (30 and 45 days from planting). The obtained results revealed that a significant and gradual increase in grain yield, N, P and K uptake and protein content were found by increasing nitrogen fertilizer levels from 60 to 120 kg N fed-1 during the two seasons of the study. The results also revealed significant improvements in grain yield and N, P and K uptake and protein content due to the applications of farm yard manure or (Microbein) compared with the control (without organic and bio fertilizers) in both seasons. The effect of spraying humic acid was significant for all studied traits. The interaction effects of all factors under study were significant for all studied traits. The highest values in grain yield were (29.078 and 28.735 ard. fed-1) and were obtained by adding 90 kg N fed-1. combined with 10m3 FYM fed-1. and sprayed with F.A during 2014 and 2015 seasons respectively. It can be recommended that the possibility to minimize the application of chemical fertilizer and in the same time increasing maize production in quantity and quality was true by adding organic and/or bio fertilizers.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3744_ef9a81a4b9438bac7cc021757d8cdd7c.pdf
nitrogen fertilizer
FYM Bio-fertilizer
Humic acids
nutrient content
corn
الأسمدة النيتروجينية
فيم الأسمدة الحيوية
الأحماض الدبالية
محتوى المغذيات
الذرة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
251
268
10.21608/ajas.2016.3745
3745
Original Article
Efficacy of K-Humate, Compost and Biofertilizer Application as Well as Cutting Number on Yield and Quality of Stevia (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) as Natural Sweetener
تأثیر استخدام هیومات البوتاسیوم ، الکمبوست والسماد الحیوى وایضا رقم الحشة
على ناتج و جودة نبات الاستیفیا کمحلى طبیعی
Stevioside is natural sweetener isolated from the leaves of plant stevia and it is up to 300 times sweetener than sucrose, since it is a sweetener with no caloric value and with proven non-toxic effect on human health. Steviol glycosides are used as a sweetener in many industrial foods, such as soft drinks or fruit juices. So, two field experiments were conducted at Mallawi Agricultural Research Station, El-Minia Governorate during 2014 and 2015 seasons to deduce the effect of different sources of nutrient, i.e. Control (80 kg N fed-1), K-humate + (40 kg N fed-1), biofertilizer +(40 kg N fed-1) and compost + (40 kg N fed-1)] and number of cutting , i.e. 1st , 2nd and 3rd cutting on yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) under Middle Egypt conditions. The obtained data pointed out that different sources of nutrient had a significant effect on plant height, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, fresh leaves weight/plant, dry leaves weight/plant, N, P and K % of stevia leaf, fresh biomass yield, dry biomass yield , fresh leaves yield, dry leaves yield and fresh stem yield, total stevioside % (St %), rebaudioside A% (Rb%), stevioside yield and rebaudioside A yield of stevia in two growing seasons. The studied cutting number of stevia had a significant influence on plant height, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, fresh leaves weight/plant, dry leaves weight/plant, dry leaves weight: dry stem weight, P % of stevia leaf, fresh biomass yield, dry biomass yield, fresh leaves yield, dry leaves yield and fresh stem yield and dry stem yield of stevia, rebaudioside A%, total stevioside yield (kg/fed) and rebaudioside A yield (kg/fed) of stevia rebaudiana in two growing seasons. From the present study, it may be concluded that the application of compost at 2.0 ton/fed+(40 kg N fed-1) with 3rd cutting was the best treatment for improving the yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) and is advisable because it is achieved the highest value of rebaudioside A(102.80 kg/fed) of stevia. This helps in reducing the great gap in sugar production, which amounted to 0.7 million tons between production and sugar consumption at the national level production under the experimental conditions.
Stevioside is natural sweetener isolated from the leaves of plant stevia and it is up to 300 times sweetener than sucrose, since it is a sweetener with no caloric value and with proven non-toxic effect on human health. Steviol glycosides are used as a sweetener in many industrial foods, such as soft drinks or fruit juices. So, two field experiments were conducted at Mallawi Agricultural Research Station, El-Minia Governorate during 2014 and 2015 seasons to deduce the effect of different sources of nutrient, i.e. Control (80 kg N fed-1), K-humate + (40 kg N fed-1), biofertilizer +(40 kg N fed-1) and compost + (40 kg N fed-1)] and number of cutting , i.e. 1st , 2nd and 3rd cutting on yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) under Middle Egypt conditions. The obtained data pointed out that different sources of nutrient had a significant effect on plant height, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, fresh leaves weight/plant, dry leaves weight/plant, N, P and K % of stevia leaf, fresh biomass yield, dry biomass yield , fresh leaves yield, dry leaves yield and fresh stem yield, total stevioside % (St %), rebaudioside A% (Rb%), stevioside yield and rebaudioside A yield of stevia in two growing seasons. The studied cutting number of stevia had a significant influence on plant height, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, fresh leaves weight/plant, dry leaves weight/plant, dry leaves weight: dry stem weight, P % of stevia leaf, fresh biomass yield, dry biomass yield, fresh leaves yield, dry leaves yield and fresh stem yield and dry stem yield of stevia, rebaudioside A%, total stevioside yield (kg/fed) and rebaudioside A yield (kg/fed) of stevia rebaudiana in two growing seasons. From the present study, it may be concluded that the application of compost at 2.0 ton/fed+(40 kg N fed-1) with 3rd cutting was the best treatment for improving the yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni) and is advisable because it is achieved the highest value of rebaudioside A(102.80 kg/fed) of stevia. This helps in reducing the great gap in sugar production, which amounted to 0.7 million tons between production and sugar consumption at the national level production under the experimental conditions.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3745_29763f2c657f0382f6f84072d16268d7.pdf
Stevia
source of nutrient
number of cutting
stevioside%
ستيفيا
مصدر المغذيات
عدد القطع
ستيفيوسيد٪ و رابوديوسيد A
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
269
285
10.21608/ajas.2016.3748
3748
Original Article
Changes in Soil Zn and Mn Forms of Some Contaminated Egyptian Soils Treated with Organic Materials.
تحولات صور الزنک والمنجنیز فی بعض الأراضی المصریة الملوثة والمعاملة بمواد عضویة
An incubation experiment using three contaminated soils from Helwan, El-Gabal El-Asfar (Cairo governorate) and Arab El-Madabeg (Assiut governorate) was conducted for 16 weeks to evaluate effects of four organic materials including ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a synthetic organic material as well as poultry litter extract (PLE), vinase (V) and humic acid (HA) solutions as natural organic materials on zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) forms of thesecontaminated soils. The studied chemical metal forms were soluble plus exchangeable (S+EXCH), carbonate bound (C-bound), Mn oxide bound (MnO-bound), organic bound (O-bound,), Poorly crystalline Fe oxide bound (PCFeO-bound) and crystalline Fe oxide bound (CFeO-bound) and residual forms.
The results showed that the transformation of soil Zn among its chemical forms was great in all studied soils treated with EDTA. Vinase was in the second order, with respect of the change efficiency, followed by PLE and HA. Increase in the soluble and exchangeable Zn induced by EDTA weretransformed mainly from PCFeO-bound and residual formsinHelwan soil, from C-bound, O-bound, PCFeO-bound and CFeO- bound forms in El-Gabal El-Asfar soil, and from C-bound,MnO-bound, PCFeO-bound and residual in El-Madabeg soil. The distribution order of Mn forms in all studied soils according to Mn abundance changed with using various organic materials. As it isindicated with Zn, EDTA was the most effective organic material in increasing the soluble plus exchangeable Mn in all tested soils. The increases in the soluble and exchangeable form of Mn induced by EDTA were on the expense of decreasing mainly the Mn-oxide (33.8%), and poorly crystalline Fe oxide (31.4%) forms, and partially the crystalline Fe oxide (7.0%), organically bound (20.41%) and residual (9.7%) forms in Helwan soil.
An incubation experiment using three contaminated soils from Helwan, El-Gabal El-Asfar (Cairo governorate) and Arab El-Madabeg (Assiut governorate) was conducted for 16 weeks to evaluate effects of four organic materials including ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a synthetic organic material as well as poultry litter extract (PLE), vinase (V) and humic acid (HA) solutions as natural organic materials on zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) forms of thesecontaminated soils. The studied chemical metal forms were soluble plus exchangeable (S+EXCH), carbonate bound (C-bound), Mn oxide bound (MnO-bound), organic bound (O-bound,), Poorly crystalline Fe oxide bound (PCFeO-bound) and crystalline Fe oxide bound (CFeO-bound) and residual forms.
The results showed that the transformation of soil Zn among its chemical forms was great in all studied soils treated with EDTA. Vinase was in the second order, with respect of the change efficiency, followed by PLE and HA. Increase in the soluble and exchangeable Zn induced by EDTA weretransformed mainly from PCFeO-bound and residual formsinHelwan soil, from C-bound, O-bound, PCFeO-bound and CFeO- bound forms in El-Gabal El-Asfar soil, and from C-bound,MnO-bound, PCFeO-bound and residual in El-Madabeg soil. The distribution order of Mn forms in all studied soils according to Mn abundance changed with using various organic materials. As it isindicated with Zn, EDTA was the most effective organic material in increasing the soluble plus exchangeable Mn in all tested soils. The increases in the soluble and exchangeable form of Mn induced by EDTA were on the expense of decreasing mainly the Mn-oxide (33.8%), and poorly crystalline Fe oxide (31.4%) forms, and partially the crystalline Fe oxide (7.0%), organically bound (20.41%) and residual (9.7%) forms in Helwan soil.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3748_acf754272ba8a17deb015bf28cb6a08c.pdf
: Transformation
fractionation Soil Zn and Mn
organic materials
Contaminated soils
التحول
تجزئة التربة-الزنک-المنجنيز- المواد العضوية
التربة الملوثة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
286
302
10.21608/ajas.2016.3749
3749
Original Article
Effect of some Cultural Treatments, Elemental Sulfur Application and N-fertilization Levels on the Productivity of Maize and Fertility of Calcareous Sandy Soil
تأثیر بعض المعاملات الزراعیة، إضافة الکبریت العنصری والتسمید النیتروجینى على إنتاجیة الذرة الشامیة وخصوبة الأراضی الرملیة الجیریة
The aim of the present investigation was to improve the productivity of calcareous sandy soil of Arab El-Awammer Experimental Station, Assiut governorate, Egypt. For this purpose a field experiment under minimum soil tillage conditions in summer season of 2010 was conducted in split split plot design with three replicates to detect the production of maize and soil fertility as influenced by previous and immediately some soil cultural treatments in main plot, levels of powder elemental S (zero and 300 kg S/fed) in the sub plots and mineral nitrogen fertilization levels (120 and 180 kg N/fed) in the sub sub plots. The four soil cultural treatments in main plots were two different crop sequences with crop residues completely removed (-CR) or with crop residues incorporated in soil surface layer 0-25 cm (+CR). The different two crop sequences (depend on it's inclusions from legume crop) were:-
Year 2009 2010 legume crop%
Sequence 1 = wheat – maize – wheat – maize (0%)
Sequence 2 = wheat – maize – clover – maize (25%)
The obtained results from the maize crop cultivated in season four of this study show that, crop residues applied in legume cereal cropping systems (25% legume crops) resulted in higher maize growth, yields, yields components, NP uptake by maize plants and improved soil fertility (soil organic matter content, soil total N, soil available P and soil pH). Powdered elemental S applied seasonally at a level of 300 kg S/fed and N-fertilizer at the high levels (180 kg N/fed) were also efficient in improving maize productivity and improving fertility status of calcareous sandy soil.The study recommends that seasonally application of crop residues in legume cereal cropping systems with seasonally application of powdered elemental S at a level of 300 kg S/fed and N-fertilizer at the height levels (180 kg N/fed) is the best treatment for producing high production of maize crop and improving fertility status of calcareous sandy soil.
The aim of the present investigation was to improve the productivity of calcareous sandy soil of Arab El-Awammer Experimental Station, Assiut governorate, Egypt. For this purpose a field experiment under minimum soil tillage conditions in summer season of 2010 was conducted in split split plot design with three replicates to detect the production of maize and soil fertility as influenced by previous and immediately some soil cultural treatments in main plot, levels of powder elemental S (zero and 300 kg S/fed) in the sub plots and mineral nitrogen fertilization levels (120 and 180 kg N/fed) in the sub sub plots. The four soil cultural treatments in main plots were two different crop sequences with crop residues completely removed (-CR) or with crop residues incorporated in soil surface layer 0-25 cm (+CR). The different two crop sequences (depend on it's inclusions from legume crop) were:-
Year 2009 2010 legume crop%
Sequence 1 = wheat – maize – wheat – maize (0%)
Sequence 2 = wheat – maize – clover – maize (25%)
The obtained results from the maize crop cultivated in season four of this study show that, crop residues applied in legume cereal cropping systems (25% legume crops) resulted in higher maize growth, yields, yields components, NP uptake by maize plants and improved soil fertility (soil organic matter content, soil total N, soil available P and soil pH). Powdered elemental S applied seasonally at a level of 300 kg S/fed and N-fertilizer at the high levels (180 kg N/fed) were also efficient in improving maize productivity and improving fertility status of calcareous sandy soil.The study recommends that seasonally application of crop residues in legume cereal cropping systems with seasonally application of powdered elemental S at a level of 300 kg S/fed and N-fertilizer at the height levels (180 kg N/fed) is the best treatment for producing high production of maize crop and improving fertility status of calcareous sandy soil.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3749_536e91b22d8ee515be6427f5d28cd689.pdf
Crop Sequence
crop residues
Elemental sulfur
N-fertilization
Maize productivity
sandy calcareous soil
تسلسل المحاصيل
بقايا المحاصيل
الکبريت العنصرى
N- الإخصاب
إنتاجية الذرة
التربة الجيرية الرملية
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
303
318
10.21608/ajas.2016.3859
3859
Original Article
Impact of Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation Systems and Fertigation Managements on Yield and Water Use Efficiencies of Two Squash Varieties
تأثیر استخدام نظامى الرى بالتنقیط السطحى والتحت سطحی وادارة التسمید مع ماء الری علی المحصول وکفاءة استخدام الماء لصنفین من الکوسة
Two squash varieties were grown under surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems at the experimental farm of the soils and water depart., Faculty of Agric., Assiut University, Egypt during the summer season of 2016 to study the impact of surface and subsurface drip irrigation and number of fertigation doses (3D = 3 doses, 6D = 6 doses, 9D = 9 doses and 12D = 12 doses) on the yield and water use efficiencies of two squash varieties (Eskendarany and Fadwa squash hybrid). The experiment was laid out in split spilt block design arrangement with three replicates. The Results showed that the highest mean values of squash fruit yield and water use efficiency were recorded from subsurface drip irrigation. Using the same amount of water with subsurface drip irrigation doubled the yield as compared with surface drip irrigation. Dividing the amount of fertilizer to 12 doses produced the highest yield and WUF. Increasing number doses from 3 to 6, 9, and 12 doses increased the squash fruits yield and WUF steadily to more than double. Fadwa squash hybrid produced higher yield compared to Eskendarany variety. The highest mean values of water use efficiency were recorded from subsurface drip irrigation with splitting the same amount of fertilizer to 12 doses in both varieties. It could be recommended that, to get economical yield and to increase water use efficiency, one should use subsurface drip irrigation and spilt the amount of fertilizer to 9 or 12 doses whish will not increase the farming coast but almost double the yield.
Two squash varieties were grown under surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems at the experimental farm of the soils and water depart., Faculty of Agric., Assiut University, Egypt during the summer season of 2016 to study the impact of surface and subsurface drip irrigation and number of fertigation doses (3D = 3 doses, 6D = 6 doses, 9D = 9 doses and 12D = 12 doses) on the yield and water use efficiencies of two squash varieties (Eskendarany and Fadwa squash hybrid). The experiment was laid out in split spilt block design arrangement with three replicates. The Results showed that the highest mean values of squash fruit yield and water use efficiency were recorded from subsurface drip irrigation. Using the same amount of water with subsurface drip irrigation doubled the yield as compared with surface drip irrigation. Dividing the amount of fertilizer to 12 doses produced the highest yield and WUF. Increasing number doses from 3 to 6, 9, and 12 doses increased the squash fruits yield and WUF steadily to more than double. Fadwa squash hybrid produced higher yield compared to Eskendarany variety. The highest mean values of water use efficiency were recorded from subsurface drip irrigation with splitting the same amount of fertilizer to 12 doses in both varieties. It could be recommended that, to get economical yield and to increase water use efficiency, one should use subsurface drip irrigation and spilt the amount of fertilizer to 9 or 12 doses whish will not increase the farming coast but almost double the yield.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3859_953fe6920f08004a69aa48e301b2a98e.pdf
surface drip
subsurface drip
fertigation management
water use efficiency
squash varieties
سطح بالتنقيط
بالتنقيط تحت السطح
وإدارة التسميد
وکفاءة استخدام المياه
أصناف الاسکواش
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
319
330
10.21608/ajas.2016.3860
3860
Original Article
Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Canola Crop (Brassica napus) in El-Kharga Oasis New Valley as affected by bio, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization.
تأثیر التسمید الحیوی والنتروجینی والفوسفاتی علی النمو والمحصول ومکوناته فی نبات الکانولا فی الخارجة – الوادی الجدید
Field experiments were conducted for two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 at the Experimental Research Station of the Desert Research Center at El-Kharga Oasis, the New Valley governorate. The object of this work was to study the effect of bio, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the growth, yield and yield components on canola crop. The results showed that the application of biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Bacillus megatherium caused significant increases in seed oil % in seeds and total oil yield (kg/fed) in the first season while plant height 1000-seed weight and seed yield were not significantly affected by biofertilizers application. In the second season, plant growth yield and yield components were not significantly increased.
Nitrogen fertilization showed significant increases on all parameters studied in the two seasons. Data also showed that increasing nitrogen level from 30 to 90 kg N/fed led to significant increases in plant height by 15.9 and 16.3 % in the first and the second seasons respectively.
Increasing phosphorus level from 0 to 45 kg P2O5/fed resulted in significant increases in seed yield by 15.5 % and 16.3 % in the first and the second seasons respectively.
Field experiments were conducted for two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 at the Experimental Research Station of the Desert Research Center at El-Kharga Oasis, the New Valley governorate. The object of this work was to study the effect of bio, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the growth, yield and yield components on canola crop. The results showed that the application of biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Bacillus megatherium caused significant increases in seed oil % in seeds and total oil yield (kg/fed) in the first season while plant height 1000-seed weight and seed yield were not significantly affected by biofertilizers application. In the second season, plant growth yield and yield components were not significantly increased.
Nitrogen fertilization showed significant increases on all parameters studied in the two seasons. Data also showed that increasing nitrogen level from 30 to 90 kg N/fed led to significant increases in plant height by 15.9 and 16.3 % in the first and the second seasons respectively.
Increasing phosphorus level from 0 to 45 kg P2O5/fed resulted in significant increases in seed yield by 15.5 % and 16.3 % in the first and the second seasons respectively.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3860_b3a793deea12b4f2dbd94473fc293915.pdf
canola
Rapeseed
canola oil
N
P and biofertilizer
Oases
نولا
بذور اللفت
زيت الکانولا
N
P والأسمدة الحيوية
الواحات-النمو
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
331
346
10.21608/ajas.2016.3863
3863
Original Article
Effect of Water Stress on Maize Grown under Drip Irrigation System
تأثیر الاجهاد المائی علی الذرة الشامیة النامیة تحت نظام الری بالتنقیط
This study aims to evaluate the effect of water stress on growth, nutrients uptake and yield of maize grown under drip irrigation. For this purpose field experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt during the during the summer seasons of 2014 and 2015. Maize plants were irrigated by 100 or 75% of water requirements (I100 and I75).
The obtained results of this study show that the irrigation of maize by I100 significantly (P<0.05) increased the plant growth. Uptake of N, P, and K by maize irrigated by I100 increased by 11, 7 and 16 % in the first season and by 13, 11 and 15% in the second season compared to that irrigated by I75.Increasing the irrigation level to 100% caused a 20 and 6% increase in the straw yield in the first and second season, respectively, also it caused a 20% increase in the biological yield in the first season compared to I75. The grain yield of maize irrigated by I75 was higher by 5 and 10% in the first and second season, respectively, compared to I100. Water use efficiency (WUE) was higher by 41and 56% in the first and second season, respectively, in the case of I75 compared to I100. The data of the current study indicated that water stress caused a slightly reduction in the straw and biological yield of maize, on the other hand it caused a slightly increase in the grain yield.
From this study it recommended maize irrigated by 75% of water requirements was higher of grain yield than that received 100% of water requirements.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of water stress on growth, nutrients uptake and yield of maize grown under drip irrigation. For this purpose field experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt during the during the summer seasons of 2014 and 2015. Maize plants were irrigated by 100 or 75% of water requirements (I100 and I75).
The obtained results of this study show that the irrigation of maize by I100 significantly (P<0.05) increased the plant growth. Uptake of N, P, and K by maize irrigated by I100 increased by 11, 7 and 16 % in the first season and by 13, 11 and 15% in the second season compared to that irrigated by I75.Increasing the irrigation level to 100% caused a 20 and 6% increase in the straw yield in the first and second season, respectively, also it caused a 20% increase in the biological yield in the first season compared to I75. The grain yield of maize irrigated by I75 was higher by 5 and 10% in the first and second season, respectively, compared to I100. Water use efficiency (WUE) was higher by 41and 56% in the first and second season, respectively, in the case of I75 compared to I100. The data of the current study indicated that water stress caused a slightly reduction in the straw and biological yield of maize, on the other hand it caused a slightly increase in the grain yield.
From this study it recommended maize irrigated by 75% of water requirements was higher of grain yield than that received 100% of water requirements.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3863_9c1a62bd5316aa779bf5ffeac3fde2a6.pdf
Drip irrigation
Maize
Water stress
nutrients uptake
water use efficiency
yield
الري بالتنقيط
الذرة
الإجهاد المائي
امتصاص المغذيات
کفاءة استخدام المياه
الغلة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
347
355
10.21608/ajas.2016.3864
3864
Original Article
Effect of Farmyard Manure and Rate of Phosphatic Fertilizer on Phosphorus Availability and Yield of Corn
تأثیر السماد البلدی ومعدلات التسمید الفوسفاتى على تیسر الفوسفور ومحصول الذرة الشامیة
Farmyard manure (FYM) is a vital organic resource and their extensively used in soil management for sustainable agriculture. Field experiment was carried out during two successive growth seasons of 2014 and 2015 at the Experimental Farm of Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agricultural, AL-Azhar University, Assiut governorate to examine the effect of farmyard manure and level of applied phosphatic fertilizeron phosphorus availability and corn (Zea mays) yield. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design in split plots with four replications. Results showed that the farmyard manure treatments (0 and 30 m3/fed.) were assigned to the main plots and levels of superphosphate (100, 200 and 300 kg /fed.) were in the sub-plots. The application of FYM to this soil increased significantly available phosphorus throughout two growth seasons. Also addition 30 m3 FYM increased the grain yield of corn from 12.59 to 17.19 ardab/fed. in first season and from 12.22 to 19.61 ardab/fed in the second season. Application of 30 m3 FYM combined with 200 kg/fed superphosphate resulted of increasing (GY) from 11.87 to 18.23 ardab/fed. at first season and from 11.82 to 21.43 ardab/fed. in second season.We Application of 200 kg superphosphate /fed combined with 30 m3farmyard manure to the soil led to positive effect of this treatment on grain yield of corn.
Farmyard manure (FYM) is a vital organic resource and their extensively used in soil management for sustainable agriculture. Field experiment was carried out during two successive growth seasons of 2014 and 2015 at the Experimental Farm of Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agricultural, AL-Azhar University, Assiut governorate to examine the effect of farmyard manure and level of applied phosphatic fertilizeron phosphorus availability and corn (Zea mays) yield. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design in split plots with four replications. Results showed that the farmyard manure treatments (0 and 30 m3/fed.) were assigned to the main plots and levels of superphosphate (100, 200 and 300 kg /fed.) were in the sub-plots. The application of FYM to this soil increased significantly available phosphorus throughout two growth seasons. Also addition 30 m3 FYM increased the grain yield of corn from 12.59 to 17.19 ardab/fed. in first season and from 12.22 to 19.61 ardab/fed in the second season. Application of 30 m3 FYM combined with 200 kg/fed superphosphate resulted of increasing (GY) from 11.87 to 18.23 ardab/fed. at first season and from 11.82 to 21.43 ardab/fed. in second season.We Application of 200 kg superphosphate /fed combined with 30 m3farmyard manure to the soil led to positive effect of this treatment on grain yield of corn.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3864_952b2d15b7edcafdb5f4e1f469490b04.pdf
farmyard manure
phosphorus
corn
Grain yield
السماد البلدى
الفوسفور
الذرة الشاميه
الحبوب
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
356
373
10.21608/ajas.2016.3866
3866
Original Article
Effect of Cultivation on the Soil Properties of El-Kharga Farm, New Valley, Egypt
تأثیر الزراعة علی خواص التربة بمزرعة الخارجة، بالوادی الجدید
Assiut University Farm, in El-Kharga Oasis, New Valley Governorate, is located in the Western Desert of Egypt between latitudes 25°30- and 25°31- N and longitudes 30°35- and 30°36- E. This farm was initiated in 2004 to be as experimental farm for the proposed New Valley Branch. Another area is added to the farm in 2014. The location of the farm is in El-Kharga depression which is filled with marine sediments covered with sand sheets. Cultivation of this area for ten years showed great changes in the soil properties. This study aimed to evaluate the capability and suitability of the new area before cultivation and the old cultivated area and to investigate the effect of cultivation on physical and chemical properties of the studied soils.
The results showed that Land Capability for irrigation of the new area was; 30% Marginally suitable, 43% Currently not suitable, 26% Permanently not suitable, while for the old cultivated area was; 11% Moderately suitable, 27% Marginally suitable, 27% Currently not suitable, 33% Permanently not suitable. With good water quality, the moderately and marginally suitable soils could be improved for agriculture production. The high soil salinity and alkalinity as ESP or SAR also the sandy texture reduced the capability. Correcting those factors will improve the land capability
Assiut University Farm, in El-Kharga Oasis, New Valley Governorate, is located in the Western Desert of Egypt between latitudes 25°30- and 25°31- N and longitudes 30°35- and 30°36- E. This farm was initiated in 2004 to be as experimental farm for the proposed New Valley Branch. Another area is added to the farm in 2014. The location of the farm is in El-Kharga depression which is filled with marine sediments covered with sand sheets. Cultivation of this area for ten years showed great changes in the soil properties. This study aimed to evaluate the capability and suitability of the new area before cultivation and the old cultivated area and to investigate the effect of cultivation on physical and chemical properties of the studied soils.
The results showed that Land Capability for irrigation of the new area was; 30% Marginally suitable, 43% Currently not suitable, 26% Permanently not suitable, while for the old cultivated area was; 11% Moderately suitable, 27% Marginally suitable, 27% Currently not suitable, 33% Permanently not suitable. With good water quality, the moderately and marginally suitable soils could be improved for agriculture production. The high soil salinity and alkalinity as ESP or SAR also the sandy texture reduced the capability. Correcting those factors will improve the land capability
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3866_91a3ab1aee7adda316261115d955020a.pdf
soil properties –El-Kharga –New Vally
خصائص التربة
الخارجة
الوادي الجديد
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
374
393
10.21608/ajas.2016.3869
3869
Original Article
Effect of Different Dates and Irrigation Regimes on Growth, Yield and Consumptive Use of Some Wheat Varieties Under Sohag Governorate Conditions
تاثیر مواعید الزراعه و فترات الرى المختلفه على النمو والمحصول والاستهلاک المائى لبعض اصناف القمح تحت ظروف محافظة سوهاج
Field experiments were conducted at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, during the three winter successive seasons (2012/2013, 2013/2014 and 2014/2015) to find out the effect of different dates and irrigation regimes on growth, yield and consumptive use of three wheat varieties under Sohag governorate conditions. Three bread wheat cultivars (Shandaweel-1, Giza-168 and Sids-12) were cultivated in two different sowing dates (20th November and 5h December) under three irrigation intervals treatments of 21, 28 and 35 days. The experiment was laid out in a split – split plot design with three replications.
The results revealed significant differences among studied cultivars and irrigation treatments in most studied traits in all seasons. The second sowing date 5th December produced the best results of the growth components, grain yield and water use efficiency through the years of this study. The irrigation at 21 days gave the best values of grain yield values (18.234, 16.609 and 17.198 ardab/fed) for the three winter seasons 2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15. The average water consumptive use by wheat plants were 2094.48 for I1, 1883.46 for I2 and 1564.15 for I3 m3/fed. at the first sowing date (20th Nov.) while it was 2123.93 for I1, 1811.49 for I2, and 1606.19 for I3 m3 /fed for the second sowing date (5th Dec.). The irrigation water use efficiency was higher with using the irrigation treatment every 35 days. It was 0.53, 0.54, and 0.61 kgm-3 for the first sowing date (20th November) and it was 0.64, 0.68, and 0.68 kgm-3 for the second sowing date (5th December) by using the irrigation interval treatment at 21, 28, and 35 days, respectively.
Shandaweel 1 produced the highest values of grain yield and water use efficiency at the two sowing dates and the irrigation regimes. Also the results of the second sowing date (5th December) for Shandaweel 1 were higher than these of first sowing date.
Field experiments were conducted at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, during the three winter successive seasons (2012/2013, 2013/2014 and 2014/2015) to find out the effect of different dates and irrigation regimes on growth, yield and consumptive use of three wheat varieties under Sohag governorate conditions. Three bread wheat cultivars (Shandaweel-1, Giza-168 and Sids-12) were cultivated in two different sowing dates (20th November and 5h December) under three irrigation intervals treatments of 21, 28 and 35 days. The experiment was laid out in a split – split plot design with three replications.
The results revealed significant differences among studied cultivars and irrigation treatments in most studied traits in all seasons. The second sowing date 5th December produced the best results of the growth components, grain yield and water use efficiency through the years of this study. The irrigation at 21 days gave the best values of grain yield values (18.234, 16.609 and 17.198 ardab/fed) for the three winter seasons 2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15. The average water consumptive use by wheat plants were 2094.48 for I1, 1883.46 for I2 and 1564.15 for I3 m3/fed. at the first sowing date (20th Nov.) while it was 2123.93 for I1, 1811.49 for I2, and 1606.19 for I3 m3 /fed for the second sowing date (5th Dec.). The irrigation water use efficiency was higher with using the irrigation treatment every 35 days. It was 0.53, 0.54, and 0.61 kgm-3 for the first sowing date (20th November) and it was 0.64, 0.68, and 0.68 kgm-3 for the second sowing date (5th December) by using the irrigation interval treatment at 21, 28, and 35 days, respectively.
Shandaweel 1 produced the highest values of grain yield and water use efficiency at the two sowing dates and the irrigation regimes. Also the results of the second sowing date (5th December) for Shandaweel 1 were higher than these of first sowing date.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3869_d2760e5e2c9e3d8ee01907190314d2be.pdf
: Wheat
irrigation regimes
Irrigation dates
مواعيد الزراعه-فترات الرى-الاستهلاک المائى-محافظة سوهاج- القمح
النمو
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2017-02-01
48
1-1
394
401
10.21608/ajas.2016.3874
3874
Original Article
The Response of White Eggplant Plants to Foliar Application with Boron and Potassium Silicate
استجابة نباتات الباذنجان الأبیض للرش بالبورون وسیلیکات البوتاسیوم
A field experiment implemented in the spring season of 2014 in the fields of horticulture and landscape gardening department/ university – AL-jadyria, to study the impact of boron and potassium silicate in the growth and productivity and floral biology of white eggplant cultivar (beeth alajl). The plants sprayed with boron in the three concentrations of (as H3BO3) (0, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 g L-1), and potassium silicate K2SiO3 (25%SiO2 and 10% K2O) (0.75, 1 and1.5 g L-1). The experiments designed with randomize completed blocks design with three replications and seven treatments, mean results compared with 0.05 probabilities. Plants sprayed three times two week intervals between them. The treatment T7 gave the highest plant (65.7cm), leaves number (43.25), leaf area ,chlorophyll concentrate (353.1 mg 100g fresh weight), % pollen grain viability (88.05%), plant yield (4.20 kg plant-1), fruits number (31.5 fruit plant-1), P% (0.532%) , and K% (3.403%) while T2 treatment showed the significant effect of boron in height of pistil and anther at (14.18 and 12.84) respectively and % pollen grain germination (79.1%) and a significant effect in T3(1g .L-1 of H3BO3) for fruit weight mean per plant. It was concluded from these results that spraying plants with potassium silicate enhanced most yield and significantly increased most studying characters.
A field experiment implemented in the spring season of 2014 in the fields of horticulture and landscape gardening department/ university – AL-jadyria, to study the impact of boron and potassium silicate in the growth and productivity and floral biology of white eggplant cultivar (beeth alajl). The plants sprayed with boron in the three concentrations of (as H3BO3) (0, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 g L-1), and potassium silicate K2SiO3 (25%SiO2 and 10% K2O) (0.75, 1 and1.5 g L-1). The experiments designed with randomize completed blocks design with three replications and seven treatments, mean results compared with 0.05 probabilities. Plants sprayed three times two week intervals between them. The treatment T7 gave the highest plant (65.7cm), leaves number (43.25), leaf area ,chlorophyll concentrate (353.1 mg 100g fresh weight), % pollen grain viability (88.05%), plant yield (4.20 kg plant-1), fruits number (31.5 fruit plant-1), P% (0.532%) , and K% (3.403%) while T2 treatment showed the significant effect of boron in height of pistil and anther at (14.18 and 12.84) respectively and % pollen grain germination (79.1%) and a significant effect in T3(1g .L-1 of H3BO3) for fruit weight mean per plant. It was concluded from these results that spraying plants with potassium silicate enhanced most yield and significantly increased most studying characters.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_3874_4eecc9f6295a04ddda3a75303691a863.pdf
Eggplant Production
foliar application
Micro elements
إنتاج الباذنجان
الرش الورقي
العناصر الصغرى