eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
1
11
10.21608/ajas.2015.537
537
Original Article
Line X Tester Analysis and Heterosis in Grain Sorghum Hybrids under Arab-ElAwamer Conditions
أستخدام طریقة تحلیل السلالة فى الکشاف وقوة الهجین فى انتاج ذرة الحبوب الرفیعة تحت ظروف عرب العوامر
Sixteen F1 grain sorghum crosses, its parents (four female lines and four male lines) and one commercial hybrid (Shandaweel-305) as check were evaluated for yield and five other characters in 2014 seasons at Arab El-Awamer Res. Station and Shandaweel Res. Station. Randomized Completed Block Design with three replications was used at each location. The obtained data showed significant orhighly significant differences between locations, genotypes, locationsxgenotypes and location x parents inter actionfor all studied traits except panicle width. Males x females x locations interaction was significant or highly significant for all studied traits. The heterosis values of the better parent ranged from -26.9% in 1000 grain weight to 52.03% in panicle width / plant.Then, the results showed that six crosses were highly significant early flowered than the check and Five crosses were highly significantly out yielded the check 305. The heterosis values of most crosses were highly significant for panicle width, panicle length and grain yield more than the best parent.
The female line ICSB-88005 had significantly negative and positive GCA effects for days to 50% flowering and grain yield / plant, respectively. This result indicates that this line had desirable gene action and could be considered good combiners for both traits. Six crosses had negative and significant SCA effects for days to 50% flowering and they were considered to be the best combiners for earliness. One cross (ICSR-93004 x ICSB-89002) showed positive and highly significant SCA for grain yield / plant. The female line (ICSB-88005) had positive and highly significantly GCA effect for grain yield and vice-versa for days to 50% flowering. This line had favorable gene action and could be considered good combiners for both traits.
Sixteen F1 grain sorghum crosses, its parents (four female lines and four male lines) and one commercial hybrid (Shandaweel-305) as check were evaluated for yield and five other characters in 2014 seasons at Arab El-Awamer Res. Station and Shandaweel Res. Station. Randomized Completed Block Design with three replications was used at each location. The obtained data showed significant orhighly significant differences between locations, genotypes, locationsxgenotypes and location x parents inter actionfor all studied traits except panicle width. Males x females x locations interaction was significant or highly significant for all studied traits. The heterosis values of the better parent ranged from -26.9% in 1000 grain weight to 52.03% in panicle width / plant.Then, the results showed that six crosses were highly significant early flowered than the check and Five crosses were highly significantly out yielded the check 305. The heterosis values of most crosses were highly significant for panicle width, panicle length and grain yield more than the best parent.
The female line ICSB-88005 had significantly negative and positive GCA effects for days to 50% flowering and grain yield / plant, respectively. This result indicates that this line had desirable gene action and could be considered good combiners for both traits. Six crosses had negative and significant SCA effects for days to 50% flowering and they were considered to be the best combiners for earliness. One cross (ICSR-93004 x ICSB-89002) showed positive and highly significant SCA for grain yield / plant. The female line (ICSB-88005) had positive and highly significantly GCA effect for grain yield and vice-versa for days to 50% flowering. This line had favorable gene action and could be considered good combiners for both traits.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_537_3fed14ebd17dca7195b7ebfffa55397c.pdf
grain sorghum
genotypes
Heterosis
line x tester
حبوب الذرة
تراکيب وراثية
قوة الهجين
الخط الفاحص X
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
12
24
10.21608/ajas.2015.538
538
Original Article
Responses of some Sunflower Genotypes to Foliar Application of some Antioxidants under Two Irrigation Levels under East of El-Ewinate Conditions
أستجابه بعض التراکیب الوراثیه لعباد الشمس للرش ببعض مضادات الاکسده تحت مستویین للرى تحت ظروف منطقه شرق العوینات
Two field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, East of El-Ewinate, Egypt, during 2013 and 2014 seasons, to investigate the response of some sunflower genotypes to foliar application of some antioxidants under two irrigation levels in East of El-Ewinate conditions. The results could be summarized as follows:
- The differences among sunflower genotypes were highly significant for all studied traits except days to 50% flowering and oil % in both seasons. Also, all studied traits except of oil % were significantly affected by water deficit in the both seasons.
- The highest mean values of plant height (181.7 and 183.3 cm), stem diameter (1.10 and 1.12 cm), head diameter (27.17 and 24.73 cm), head yield (67.33 and 66.80 g), 100-seed weight (4.49 and 4.59 g), oil yield fed.-1 (464.95 and 441.56 kg) and seed yield fed.-1 (1352.0 and 1328.0 kg) were recorded for G1 (RF15 X A12) genotype irrigated by 100% (I1) and spray with ascorbic acid (AA) in the first and second seasons, respectively.While the lowest mean values of plant height (133.3 and 131.7 cm), stem diameter (0.713 and 0.710 cm), head diameter (15.47 and 15.20 cm), head yield (28.97 and 32.53 g), 100-seed weight (2.94 and 2.87 g), oil yield fed.-1 (258.62 and 303.74 kg) and seed yield fed.-1 (732.0 and 884.0 kg) were recorded for Sakha-53 genotype irrigated by 75% (I2) and spray with tap water in the first and second season, respectively.
Two field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, East of El-Ewinate, Egypt, during 2013 and 2014 seasons, to investigate the response of some sunflower genotypes to foliar application of some antioxidants under two irrigation levels in East of El-Ewinate conditions. The results could be summarized as follows:
- The differences among sunflower genotypes were highly significant for all studied traits except days to 50% flowering and oil % in both seasons. Also, all studied traits except of oil % were significantly affected by water deficit in the both seasons.
- The highest mean values of plant height (181.7 and 183.3 cm), stem diameter (1.10 and 1.12 cm), head diameter (27.17 and 24.73 cm), head yield (67.33 and 66.80 g), 100-seed weight (4.49 and 4.59 g), oil yield fed.-1 (464.95 and 441.56 kg) and seed yield fed.-1 (1352.0 and 1328.0 kg) were recorded for G1 (RF15 X A12) genotype irrigated by 100% (I1) and spray with ascorbic acid (AA) in the first and second seasons, respectively.While the lowest mean values of plant height (133.3 and 131.7 cm), stem diameter (0.713 and 0.710 cm), head diameter (15.47 and 15.20 cm), head yield (28.97 and 32.53 g), 100-seed weight (2.94 and 2.87 g), oil yield fed.-1 (258.62 and 303.74 kg) and seed yield fed.-1 (732.0 and 884.0 kg) were recorded for Sakha-53 genotype irrigated by 75% (I2) and spray with tap water in the first and second season, respectively.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_538_a5b757db0d63eaef0b86edbdeafe17d2.pdf
Sunflower
Water deficit
antioxidant and El-Ewinate region
عباد الشمس
العجز المائي
ومضادات الأکسدة ومنطقة شرق العوينات
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
25
37
10.21608/ajas.2015.539
539
Original Article
Yield Performance of Some Egyptian Cotton Genotypes in Different Environments
الأداء المحصولی لبعض التراکیب الوراثیة للقطن المصرى فى بیئات مختلفه
This study aimed to evaluate yield performance of cotton genotypes in different environments to know the best genotypes for produce the new variety. Thirty-eight new cotton lines descending from fifteen Egyptian cotton crosses were included in Trail A, and eighteen lines descending from thirteen crosses were included in Trail B in 2014 season using two commercial varieties Giza 80 and Giza 90 as checks. Trail A was raised at Seds, whereas Trail B was held at five locations (Seds, El-Fayoum, El-Menia, Assuit and Sohag) in Middle and Upper Egypt. The results of Trail A showed that the most of genotypes belonging to crosses exceeded significantly the check variety Giza 80 in both yield and its contributing variables. While, Trial B showed the superior of the nine crosses i.e. No. 1([{(G.83XG.80) x Dendara}x(G91xG90)]), 5(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 6(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 7(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 8(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 9([G.83 Radiator x Aust.) x G.91), 14([{(G.83 x G.80) x G.89}x (G.83 x Deltbain 703)), 15([{(G.83 x G.80) x G.89} x Aust.]) and No. 17([{G.83 x (G.75 x 5844)} x G.80]) surpassed significantly the check variety Giza 90 in seed cotton yield and lint yield, moreover one of them No. 14([{(G.83 x G.80) x G.89}x (G.83 x Deltbain 703)) significantly exceeded Giza 90 in boll weight across five locations. High heritability estimates in broad sense were recorded for most studied traits in Trail A and Trial B indicating that phenotypic selection for these strains could be highly effective. High gcv estimates were observed in seed cotton yield (9.66 and 30.08%), lint yield (10.93 and 33.17%) and number of bolls (3.16 and 2.21%) in Trial A and Trial B, respectively. The significant genotypes x locations interaction indicated that, such materials were affected by the environment and it should further be evaluated for several years at different locations
This study aimed to evaluate yield performance of cotton genotypes in different environments to know the best genotypes for produce the new variety. Thirty-eight new cotton lines descending from fifteen Egyptian cotton crosses were included in Trail A, and eighteen lines descending from thirteen crosses were included in Trail B in 2014 season using two commercial varieties Giza 80 and Giza 90 as checks. Trail A was raised at Seds, whereas Trail B was held at five locations (Seds, El-Fayoum, El-Menia, Assuit and Sohag) in Middle and Upper Egypt. The results of Trail A showed that the most of genotypes belonging to crosses exceeded significantly the check variety Giza 80 in both yield and its contributing variables. While, Trial B showed the superior of the nine crosses i.e. No. 1([{(G.83XG.80) x Dendara}x(G91xG90)]), 5(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 6(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 7(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 8(G.80 x (G.91 x G.90)), 9([G.83 Radiator x Aust.) x G.91), 14([{(G.83 x G.80) x G.89}x (G.83 x Deltbain 703)), 15([{(G.83 x G.80) x G.89} x Aust.]) and No. 17([{G.83 x (G.75 x 5844)} x G.80]) surpassed significantly the check variety Giza 90 in seed cotton yield and lint yield, moreover one of them No. 14([{(G.83 x G.80) x G.89}x (G.83 x Deltbain 703)) significantly exceeded Giza 90 in boll weight across five locations. High heritability estimates in broad sense were recorded for most studied traits in Trail A and Trial B indicating that phenotypic selection for these strains could be highly effective. High gcv estimates were observed in seed cotton yield (9.66 and 30.08%), lint yield (10.93 and 33.17%) and number of bolls (3.16 and 2.21%) in Trial A and Trial B, respectively. The significant genotypes x locations interaction indicated that, such materials were affected by the environment and it should further be evaluated for several years at different locations
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_539_ed45f2116598909fc10bc5eab13acbbc.pdf
Gosssypium barbadense
L
Promising lines
Seed cotton yield
Fiber characters
heritability
Trial A and Trial B
الکرسف barbadense
L
خطوط واعدة وإنتاجية القطن
وشخصيات الألياف
التوريث
محاکمة A و B. محاکمة
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
38
49
10.21608/ajas.2015.540
540
Original Article
Microstructure of Harzer-Like Cheese
Harzer الترکیب المیکروسکوبى للجبن الشبیه بالـ
Harzer-like cheese was made from cow’s, buffalo's, reconstituted milk and skim milk retentate. Submicroscopic structure and sensory evaluation during ripening were studied. The obtained results show that in the early stage of ripening period, the protein network of cow's skim milk cheese appeared as a large casein fibers, while in buffalo's milk, cheese was less dense, with open network, casein micelles in reconstituted milk cheese were coalesce and retentate cheese was more compact than other cheeses. After 8 weeks of the ripening period, the extent of hydrolysis of casein in cheese, casein micelle cow's skim milk cheese fused, formed homogeneous structure. The microstructure of buffalo’s milk cheese was compact with few gaps. Reconstituted milk cheese casein particles counseled together in sheets but retentate cheese had coarser protein network. Finally the disintegration of the casein occurs much faster in cow’s skim milk cheese, with more extensions of aggregated casein micelle than in the other cheeses, and was of good sensory quality.
Harzer-like cheese was made from cow’s, buffalo's, reconstituted milk and skim milk retentate. Submicroscopic structure and sensory evaluation during ripening were studied. The obtained results show that in the early stage of ripening period, the protein network of cow's skim milk cheese appeared as a large casein fibers, while in buffalo's milk, cheese was less dense, with open network, casein micelles in reconstituted milk cheese were coalesce and retentate cheese was more compact than other cheeses. After 8 weeks of the ripening period, the extent of hydrolysis of casein in cheese, casein micelle cow's skim milk cheese fused, formed homogeneous structure. The microstructure of buffalo’s milk cheese was compact with few gaps. Reconstituted milk cheese casein particles counseled together in sheets but retentate cheese had coarser protein network. Finally the disintegration of the casein occurs much faster in cow’s skim milk cheese, with more extensions of aggregated casein micelle than in the other cheeses, and was of good sensory quality.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_540_4a707cda83003d8e6178c7295e7b7a5e.pdf
Harzer-like cheese
milk types
microstructure and sensory evaluation
Harzer تشبه الجبن. أنواع الحليب. المجهرية والتقييم الحسي
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
50
64
10.21608/ajas.2015.541
541
Original Article
Assessment of the Effect of Liquid Smokes on the Chemical Composi-tion and Quality Attributes of Fish Balls During Chilled Storage
تقدیر تاثیر سوائل التدخین على الترکیب الکیمیائی ومحددات الجوده لکرات السمک اثناء التخزین بالتبرید
This investigation was carried out to study the effect of liquid smokes produced from some agriculture wastes as beech sawdust, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse and corncob on the changes of chemical composition (moisture, crude protein, crud fat and ash content) and quality attributes namely: thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, total volatile basis nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethyl amine nitrogen (TMAN) of fish ball during chilled storage. The results revealed that the control sample was spoiled at tenth day, whereas the fish ball samples treated with different liquid smoke remained without spoil until 15 day. The results showed that no changes in moisture, protein, fat and ash content of all samples treated with different liquid smokes compared to control sample. TBA, TVB-N, and TMAN in all treated samples with different liquid smokes didn't reach to deterioration levels. All treated samples had lower TBA value, TVB-N, and TMAN contents than that of control sample during storage period. Furthermore, the lowest TBA value, TVB-N, and TMAN contents were noticed in samples treated with rice husk after and during storage periods for15 days, followed by samples treated with beech sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and corncob liquid smoke. Generally, all treatments of fish balls were acceptable by the end of storage period.
This investigation was carried out to study the effect of liquid smokes produced from some agriculture wastes as beech sawdust, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse and corncob on the changes of chemical composition (moisture, crude protein, crud fat and ash content) and quality attributes namely: thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, total volatile basis nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethyl amine nitrogen (TMAN) of fish ball during chilled storage. The results revealed that the control sample was spoiled at tenth day, whereas the fish ball samples treated with different liquid smoke remained without spoil until 15 day. The results showed that no changes in moisture, protein, fat and ash content of all samples treated with different liquid smokes compared to control sample. TBA, TVB-N, and TMAN in all treated samples with different liquid smokes didn't reach to deterioration levels. All treated samples had lower TBA value, TVB-N, and TMAN contents than that of control sample during storage period. Furthermore, the lowest TBA value, TVB-N, and TMAN contents were noticed in samples treated with rice husk after and during storage periods for15 days, followed by samples treated with beech sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and corncob liquid smoke. Generally, all treatments of fish balls were acceptable by the end of storage period.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_541_0c8ec4118ad63d33bde9d9082202a14a.pdf
fish ball
quality attributes
Chemical composition
liquid smoke
الکرة الأسماک وصفات الجودة
الترکيب الکيميائي
ودخان السائل
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
65
76
10.21608/ajas.2015.542
542
Original Article
In vitro Propagation of Four Grape Cultivars
إکثار أربعة أصناف من العنب معملیا
Successful propagation of in vitro four grape cvs. (Concord, Thompson Seedless, Beauty Seedless and King Ruby) through shoot tips and nodal cuttings was established. The best explants sterilization was achieved with 10% cholorox for 10 minutes. The combination of 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.01 mg/L NAA produced the maximum sprouting rate (100, 91.7, 100, 83.3%) and the least number of days for buds sprouting (6, 9, 5 and 11) of Concord, Thompson Seedless, Beauty Seedless and king Ruby cultivars, respectively. Additionally, the same medium induced the greatest average of shoots number/explants (5.50, 4.95, 5.27 and 4.69) and the highest shoot length (5.3, 5.2, 5.2 and 4.9 cm) for the four tested grape cvs. The third subculture induced the maximum response of sprouting frequency and the optimum average of shoot numbers/explants for the four examined cultivars. For rooting of in vitro shoots, Half strength MS medium supplied with 1.0 mg/L IBA resulted in the best root formation (90, 100, 80 and 70%) for Concord, Thompson Seedless, Beauty Seedless and King ruby cultivars, respectively.
Successful propagation of in vitro four grape cvs. (Concord, Thompson Seedless, Beauty Seedless and King Ruby) through shoot tips and nodal cuttings was established. The best explants sterilization was achieved with 10% cholorox for 10 minutes. The combination of 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.01 mg/L NAA produced the maximum sprouting rate (100, 91.7, 100, 83.3%) and the least number of days for buds sprouting (6, 9, 5 and 11) of Concord, Thompson Seedless, Beauty Seedless and king Ruby cultivars, respectively. Additionally, the same medium induced the greatest average of shoots number/explants (5.50, 4.95, 5.27 and 4.69) and the highest shoot length (5.3, 5.2, 5.2 and 4.9 cm) for the four tested grape cvs. The third subculture induced the maximum response of sprouting frequency and the optimum average of shoot numbers/explants for the four examined cultivars. For rooting of in vitro shoots, Half strength MS medium supplied with 1.0 mg/L IBA resulted in the best root formation (90, 100, 80 and 70%) for Concord, Thompson Seedless, Beauty Seedless and King ruby cultivars, respectively.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_542_8db53c690c13c3db7437de5596b87027.pdf
In vitro propagation
grape cvs
shoot tips
Nodal segments
في نشر المختبر
السير الذاتية العنب
واطلاق النار نصائح
شرائح العقدي
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
77
96
10.21608/ajas.2016.543
543
Original Article
Physico-Chemical and Antioxidant Contents During Developmental Stages in Three Pomegranates Cultivars under Assiut Condition
الصفات الطبیعیة والکیماویة ومضادات الأکسدة فی ثمار الرمان
The experiment included three Egyptian pomegranate cultivars namely as Manfalouty, Hejazy and Nab-El-Gamal. The study aimed to assess some physical and chemical characteristics in the fruits and estimate their content of some antioxidants at different stages of development.
The study revealed that there were significant differences between the studied cultivars in most traits. The average weight and fruit dimension (length and diameter) significantly increased and reached their maximum values at 165 days after full bloom (maturity stage). Total soluble solids (TSS) and sugars increased while the acidity gradually decreased until they reached the optimum level in maturity. Vitamin C concentration increased progressively until the fruits reached their maturity. The total phenolics content (T.P.C) measured in the fruit peel and arils started high, and then there was a gradual decline until they minimized at fruit maturity. Total anthocyanin content of pomegranate arils and peel began low for the three cultivars and gradually increased till the end of fruit development. Hydrolysable tannin content (as mg tannic acid/ gm of dry weight basis) in peel and lit. of juice began high and rapidly decreased reaching its lowest level at fruit maturity. The differences were significant between the studied cultivars in both seasons for most abovementioned attributes.
The experiment included three Egyptian pomegranate cultivars namely as Manfalouty, Hejazy and Nab-El-Gamal. The study aimed to assess some physical and chemical characteristics in the fruits and estimate their content of some antioxidants at different stages of development.
The study revealed that there were significant differences between the studied cultivars in most traits. The average weight and fruit dimension (length and diameter) significantly increased and reached their maximum values at 165 days after full bloom (maturity stage). Total soluble solids (TSS) and sugars increased while the acidity gradually decreased until they reached the optimum level in maturity. Vitamin C concentration increased progressively until the fruits reached their maturity. The total phenolics content (T.P.C) measured in the fruit peel and arils started high, and then there was a gradual decline until they minimized at fruit maturity. Total anthocyanin content of pomegranate arils and peel began low for the three cultivars and gradually increased till the end of fruit development. Hydrolysable tannin content (as mg tannic acid/ gm of dry weight basis) in peel and lit. of juice began high and rapidly decreased reaching its lowest level at fruit maturity. The differences were significant between the studied cultivars in both seasons for most abovementioned attributes.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_543_891adb67a46388d913bff68768ab61d0.pdf
Pomegranates
antioxidant
Anthocyanin
Soluble solids
الرمان ومضادات الأکسدة
الأنثوسيانين
والمواد الصلبة القابلة للذوبان
eng
Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences
1110-0486
2356-9840
2015-08-01
46
4
97
104
10.21608/ajas.2016.544
544
Original Article
Using Electrophoresis for Discrimination between Male Cultivars of Date Palm Three
استخدام طریقة الفصل الکهربائی فی التمیز بین بعض الأصناف الذکریة من نخیل التمر Phoenix dactylifera L.))
Muntaha Ati
1
Sajeda Swaed
2
Date palm research center, Basrah University
مرکز أبحاث النخيل- جامعة البصرة
The study was carried out in Date Palm Research Center Laboratory and College of Agriculture – Basrah University to compare protein electrophrestic patterns for three cultivars of date palm selected for the experiments. Young leaflets were taken from three different cultivars (Ghennamy Al-Akhdar, Samasmi, Khikri) grown in shatt –Al arab - Alfaiha- Iraq. Electrophresis studies showed differences in protein pattern and dinsty and molecular weights. The results indicted that there were differences between proteins in both types and quantities in all three pollen cultivars. Also the results showed that three male cultivars contained one common pand in the same location that has low molecular weight. Al so, results showed the process of differential gen expression has accorded since there were bands, which differed in number. position, and density on the gel in particular male cultivar. There were very distinct differences between of the three male type.
The study was carried out in Date Palm Research Center Laboratory and College of Agriculture – Basrah University to compare protein electrophrestic patterns for three cultivars of date palm selected for the experiments. Young leaflets were taken from three different cultivars (Ghennamy Al-Akhdar, Samasmi, Khikri) grown in shatt –Al arab - Alfaiha- Iraq. Electrophresis studies showed differences in protein pattern and dinsty and molecular weights. The results indicted that there were differences between proteins in both types and quantities in all three pollen cultivars. Also the results showed that three male cultivars contained one common pand in the same location that has low molecular weight. Al so, results showed the process of differential gen expression has accorded since there were bands, which differed in number. position, and density on the gel in particular male cultivar. There were very distinct differences between of the three male type.
https://ajas.journals.ekb.eg/article_544_8e6c8de7ff2475381e9b741a0c801511.pdf
date palm
Electrophoresis
Protein pattern
نخلة التمر
تفريد کهربائي
نمط بروتيني